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Moral choices often involve situations where the options are neither clearly evil nor clearly good. When we make a decision in these circumstances, we are usually unable to rely on the advice of others, nor on holy books or religious teachings. Then there is no one clear rule for ethical behaviour, because there are so many different views as to what makes a good moral decision. One view is that a moral decision is one where our intentions are good, another view is that regardless of our intentions a decision is moral if the outcome is good.

The first requirement in making a moral decision should be to choose that option that does the greatest good and the least harm.

Moral choices should be fair or just.

Good moral choices are not selfish choices, but take into account the needs and aspirations of others. At the same time, no one should be expected to ignore his or her own needs and aspirations in making that choice. Even the choice to become a missionary involves fulfilling a personal aspiration and very possibly a goal to be seen as noble.

Finally, moral choices are not based on the concept of reward and punishment. Julian Baggini (Atheism) says the person who does not steal only for fear of being caught and punished, either in this world or perhaps in the next, is not a moral person but merely a prudent one. The truly moral person is the one who has the opportunity to steal without being caught but still does not do so.

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