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The Roman Empire was the geographical factor which first helped the spread of Christianity. It started in Judea, which was part of the Roman Empire. It was spread through this empire, especially its eastern part by Christian preachers. Originally the Christians were Jews who preached other Jews and followed Jewish law. Paul created a theology which opened Christianity to the gentiles (non-Jews) of the Roman Empire. He said that faith in Jesus and following his teaching was what was required for salvation. Therefore, you did not have to be a Jew or follow Jewish law to be a Christian. Christianity was endorsed by all but one of the emperors after Constantine the Great. This helped his spread. The co-emperors Gratian and Theodosius made mainstream Christianity (the Latin/Western Church and the Greek/eastern Church, which later came to be called Catholic and Orthodox respectively) the sole legitimate religion of the empire.

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