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The basic difference is that Catholics recognize the pope in Rome as the universal head of their Church in both administrative and spiritual matters. The Orthodox do not recognize the pope as supreme head and split from the Catholic Church in the 11th century with the Patriarch excommunicating the Pope, and the Pope excommunicating the Patriarch.

The Orthodox only recognize the first 10 centuries of the Councils of the Church. They do not have the filoque in their creed (I believe in the Holy Spirit who proceeds from the Father and the Son.) Most important right now, there is no one head of the various Orthodox churches. Various patriarchs are in Rome right now discussing reunion with Pope Benedict XVI, please keep them in your prayers.

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