Answer 1
The first complete English translation of The Bible was the 'Wycliffe' in 1380.
The Geneva Bible was the first Bible with chapter and verse divisions in 1560.
Chapter divisions were created by Stephen Langton in 1227AD. Verse divisions by Robert Stephanus in 1551 and 1555AD.
Answer 2
This question can be answered in different ways.
The Gutenberg Bible was the first Bible that came off a 'printing press'. That was approx. 1455. In German.
But the Bible was 'hand written' before that. John Wycliffe did one in 1380's. In English.
The Vulgate was the first Latin Bible, approx 400 C.E..
The Greek Septuagint was the first TRANSLATION of the Old Testament from Hebrew into Greek. That was probably around 300 BC.
The Tanakh (Jewish Bible).
The Jews call these books The Tanakh (Jewish Bible), while the Christian name is the old Testament.
The Jewish Bible is called the Tanakh.
Judaism accepts parts of the Christian Bible as sacred, but treats the entire Jewish Bible as sacred.
Reformed Judaism believes that the Bible is the main source for the rules of Judaism.
Judaism is drawn from the Jewish Bible (Tanakh). To read more about the Jewish Bible, please see the Related Question.
Judaism's real name, in English, is "Judaism".
The Bible influenced the three religions of Christianity, Islam and Judaism.
Christianity and Judaism share all of the old testament books.
The Tanakh (Hebrew Bible).
Judaism: Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) Christianity: Bible Islam: Holy Quran
No, they do contain laws, but they are not law; they are referred to as the Pentateuch.