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Jews of the first century did not have surnames such as we have today, or even the Romans of that time. They were known by their given name, followd by 'son of' their father's name. 'Son of' was ben (Hebrew) or bar (Aramaic).

Thus (using the familiar English translations), in Matthew's Gospel, the father of Jesus would be known as Joseph bar Jacob. In Luke's Gospel, the father of Jesus would be known as Joseph bar Heli.

Note: scholars recognise that neither family line is likely to be literally true.

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