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During medieval times, Jerusalem was a focal point of conflict among Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, primarily due to its religious significance to all three faiths. Christians viewed it as the site of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, while Muslims revered it for the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock, believed to be where the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven. Judaism considers Jerusalem the site of the ancient Temple, making it a sacred city. This intense religious significance often fueled disputes, especially during the Crusades, when Christians sought to reclaim the city from Muslim control, leading to violence and shifting power dynamics.

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