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The most commonly given date for the beginning of the Middle Ages is 476, and the pope at that time was St. Simplicius. Truth to tell, however, this is not a question with a single, simple answer.

Historians disagree on when the Middle Ages began, with some leaning toward dates as early as 378, when the Romans lost the Battle of Adrianople, and others leaning toward dates as late as 527, when Justinian I became emperor of the East Roman Empire. The most commonly used date, 476, was when Romulus Augustulus was deposed, but more than one historian has pointed out that almost no one noticed this event at the time, and that it was just a convenient date for Gibbons to use to end his book, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, which was influential in ages past.

The dates I know of that are used for the beginning of the Middle Ages include the following:

  • 378 - Battle of Adrianople
  • 395 - Final division of the Roman Empire into East and West
  • 406 - Germanic invasion at the Rhine
  • 408 - Death of the Roman General Stilicho
  • 410 - Sack of Rome by Visigoths
  • 455 - Sack of Rome by Vandals
  • 476 - Romulus Augustulus, said to be last emperor, is deposed
  • 480 - Death of Julius Nepos, last man recognized by the Senate as Emperor of the West Roman Empire
  • 498 - Reformation of the Roman coinage
  • 527 - Justinian becomes emperor

Depending on the date you pick for the beginning of the Middle Ages, the first medieval pope would be any of the following (the date being the year he became pope):

  • 366, Damasus I
  • 384, Siricius
  • 399, Anastasius I
  • 401, Innocent I
  • 417, Zosimus
  • 418, Boniface I
  • 422, Celestine I
  • 432, Sixtus III
  • 440, Leo I
  • 461, Hilarius
  • 468, Simplicius
  • 483, Felix III
  • 492, Gelasius I
  • 498, Symmachus
  • 514, Hormisdas
  • 523, John I
  • 526, Felix IV
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