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Major changes in philosophy and science took place in the seventeenth century. Whereas previously, religion was expounded as the answer to every thoughtful question, people began to realise that philosophy and science could provide more credible answers.

For the first time in centuries, people began to think of the universe as fundamentally rational, able to be understood through the use of reason alone. They realised that truth can be arrived at through empirical observation, the use of reason and systematic doubt. The outcome was the realisation that religious doctrines have no place in the understanding of the physical and human worlds.

If religion could not provide the answers, and if religion was not the source of all truth, or perhaps even of any truth, then faith was no longer necessary and religious certainty declined.

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