The pope does not wear a yamaka, he wears a white zucchetto. A Zucchetto is a small round skullcape worn by all prelates in the Catholic Church; white for the pope, red for cardinals, purpose for bishops, and black for abbots. Other priests may also wear a black zucchetto.
Orthodox Jews always wear a head-covering (kippay/yarmulkah, or a hat).
The "Papal shoes" are the shoes the Pope wears outdoors. Traditionally they were plain red Morocco leather. This is consistent with the color of the Papal Slippers the Pope used to wear indoors (which were red silk or velvet). The current Pope, Pope Francis, has chosen to wear simple black shoes, forgoing the tradition for his papacy.
Popes customarily wear a white zucchetto and that included Pope John XXIII.
Kippah (Hebrew), or Yarmulkah (Yiddish).
Kippa (כפה). The other name for it, yarmulkah, is in Yiddish.
Balance and/or clips
It is traditional for women to be veiled when they meet the Pope.
yes. every catholic - pope included - wear ashes on Ash Wednesday. they are obliged to.
Pope St. Stephen I is the patron saint of Fiano Romano, Italy, only. By the way, he is the pope who ordered priests to wear vestments when saying mass and not to wear street clothes for liturgies. Also, they were not to wear their vestments on the street as everyday clothing.
Benedict will have to forgo the red shoes as they are only worn in the Vatican by the Pope, if he so wishes to wear them. Outside the Vatican, some cardinals do wear red shoes.
Yes, he wears pants.
Yes, all bishops, including cardinals and the pope wear mitres.