Khalif
A secular ruler is a political leader who exercises authority over a state or territory without being directly affiliated with a specific religious institution or guided solely by religious laws. They govern in a way that is independent of religious influence and may uphold a separation between religious and governmental matters.
A government ruled by religious leaders is called a theocracy. Theocracy is a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the state's supreme civil ruler.Another view: A government controlled church also means less religious freedom to worship as your conscience dictates, and more religious persecution.
The majority of people in Turkey are Muslim, with a large percentage adhering to Sunni Islam. Other religious minorities in the country include Alevism, Christianity (including Armenian Apostolic, Greek Orthodox, and Syriac Christians), and Judaism.
While Abraham Lincoln was opposed to the expansion of slavery, he did not consider himself a fervent abolitionist. He viewed the Civil War as a struggle to preserve the Union rather than a religious war. Lincoln's primary goal was to keep the United States together and end slavery as a means to achieve that end.
A secularist is someone who believes in the separation of religion and state, advocating for a society where governmental decisions are made without influence from religious beliefs. They prioritize the importance of neutrality and equality in matters of governance and public policy.
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The civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth.or one of Muhammed's succesors
Sultanate.
A padishah is a historical term for a ruler of a Muslim country or state.
In theocracies, civil law is based on religious tenets and the head of state is a religious leader. Constitutions and legislatures have limited authority to change law. In secular Muslim states, there are prohibitions on religious interference in law and politics. Sharia law is limited to personal matters. this is the exact answer for e2020
Khalifat Rasul Allah
Vizier or Vezir is someone with the political or/ and the religious authority to handle political/ religious issues second only to the Head of state or the religion like Chalif, Amir, Malik [King] or Sultan.
A secular ruler is a political leader who exercises authority over a state or territory without being directly affiliated with a specific religious institution or guided solely by religious laws. They govern in a way that is independent of religious influence and may uphold a separation between religious and governmental matters.
In "The Prince," Machiavelli emphasizes the importance of a ruler appearing religious while prioritizing political power. He supports the idea of separating the church from the state, believing that rulers should not be overly reliant on religious institutions for their governance. Machiavelli suggests that a ruler should maintain control over both religious and political affairs to secure their power effectively.
Two. Civil and religious. A civil marriage, sanctioned by the state can include religious marriages. Religious marriages are sanctioned by a particular religion. Religious marriages may include state sanctioned marriages. Some religious marriages if the couple is comprised of members of two different religions, interfaith marriages, may be sanctioned by one but not the other religion or both religions, or by one or both religions but not the state for various reasons. Including, age, sex, bigamy, polygamy, religious affiliation, race, nationality ... etc.
No ruler said, "You are the state." Louis XIV said, "I am The State."
Unlike Louis XIV of France, who persecuted religious minorities like the Protestant Huguenots, Akbar the Great, the Mughal ruler of India strengthened his control of his state by protecting and integrating religious minorities such as Hindus, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, and Jews.