Jesus himself established the Catholic Church, and He died to save all people. The Catholic Church believes that every person is a child of God. The word "catholic" means "universal," and the Catholic Church is universally open to all people, no matter where they are from.
The Puritans sought to break with the Church of England when they came to the New World. They believed the church was still too similar to the Roman Catholic Church and wanted to establish a more strictly Protestant and purified form of worship in their new colony.
The Catholic Church, i.e. Pope Gregory, instituted the Gregorian Calendar. However, it is now the standard calendar that is recognised by nearly everyone, regardless of religion. I.e., today's date in the Gregorian Calendar is 12 July 2012.
Transubstantiation is a belief held by the Catholic Church. Catholics believe that during the Eucharist, the bread and wine become the actual body and blood of Jesus Christ. This belief is celebrated during the Mass by Catholics around the world.
Dr. Paul Nassif is a member of the Maronite Catholic Church, which is an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope in Rome. The Maronite Church has its roots in Lebanon and follows the Antiochene liturgical tradition. Dr. Nassif has spoken publicly about his faith and its importance in his life.
There are numerous schools around the world named after St. Dominic, the founder of the Dominican Order. The exact number is difficult to determine, but there are likely many schools that bear his name due to his significance in the Catholic Church and history of education.
Catholics the world over have declared their love, faith and consistency in the Catholic Church. Effectively they have said "we need and want the catholic faith and the church that supports it."Catholics have a mission to evangelize. This means that we they want to share their faith and church with others. In other words everyone needs the Catholic Church, however, some have not yet come to that realization.
The Church is manifested to the world by its teachings and people coming to Church.
There are many of them around the world. Most important are the ones in Ireland, like St. Patrick's Cathedral in Armagh, the seat of the Catholic Church in Ireland.
The Roman Catholic Church
There is no "Europe Catholic Church", there is the world-wide Catholic Church in Europe and everywhere else in the world, and its role is the same everywhere, to bring Christ to people and people to Christ and salvation.
The oldest Catholic church in the world is the Basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere, located in Rome, Italy.
There are parishes all around the world with churches dedicated to the Ascension, far too many to list here.
Vatican
The most well known church organizations are the Catholic church, followed by millions around the world, and the Church of England. Another well respected church organization is the Greek Orthodox Church.
To spread the word of God to those around them!
The Latin Rite Roman Catholic Church is by far the largest Catholic Church in the world.
The English Catholic Church is just that, a Catholic Church in union with the pope in Rome. It is no different from any Catholic Church elsewhere in the world except that the language used is English. While the Church of England (Anglican Church) claims to be "Catholic" they are not in union with the pope in Rome so are considered as a Protestant denomination and not Catholic.