thoracic vertebrae
It extends from the medulla oblongata to the first or second lumbar vertebra (L1 or L2).
Pervertebral means near or around a vertebra.
The longest segment of the vertebral column is the lumbar region, consisting of five vertebrae (L1-L5), which extends from the lower back to the upper sacrum. The largest segment is the lumbar region as well, particularly the L5 vertebra, which bears the most weight and provides support for the upper body.
cervical region
Unfortunately there is no photograph attached. However, it would be easy for anyone trained to tell which spinal column can be seen considering they would know the different characteristics that everyday people are unaware of.
The cervical region of the vertebral column has one more pair of nerves than vertebrae. There are seven cervical vertebrae (C1 to C7) but eight pairs of cervical nerves (C1 to C8). This occurs because the first pair of cervical nerves exits above the first cervical vertebra, while the remaining pairs exit below their corresponding vertebrae.
The lumbar region of the vertebral column contains the largest number of bones, specifically five vertebrae (L1 to L5). However, if considering the entire vertebral column, the sacral region, which is composed of five fused vertebrae, and the coccygeal region, which typically has four fused vertebrae, also contribute to the overall count. In total, the vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae in children, but the lumbar region specifically has the most individual, unfused bones in adults.
The hips attach to the sacrum, which is the region at the base of the vertebral column. This area is also known as the sacroiliac joint where the sacrum connects to the ilium bones of the pelvis.
The vertebral region is located posteriorly (toward the back) in relation to the sternal region, which is situated anteriorly (toward the front) in the thoracic area of the body. The sternal region corresponds to the sternum or breastbone, while the vertebral region refers to the spinal column. Thus, if you visualize the body in an anatomical position, the vertebral region lies behind the sternal region.
The S-shaped curvature of the vertebral column in humans allows for an upright posture, which is essential for bipedalism. The lumbar region of the vertebral column plays a key role in supporting the weight of the upper body and maintaining balance while walking upright.
the lumbar region
The vertebral column is divided into five regions: cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (lower back), sacral (pelvic), and coccygeal (tailbone). Each region has a specific number of vertebrae that provide support and flexibility to the spine.