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Steroid hormones, such as cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone, bind to receptors in the nucleus of target cells. Once these hormones pass through the cell membrane, they bind to specific nuclear receptors, forming a hormone-receptor complex. This complex then interacts with DNA to regulate the transcription of specific genes, influencing various physiological processes. Other hormones, like thyroid hormones, also act in a similar manner by binding to nuclear receptors to exert their effects.
What else can I help you with?
All human cells can bind or have a receptor for each hormone. True or False?
False. Not all human cells can bind or have a receptor for each hormone. Different cells express different types of receptors, allowing specific cells to respond to specific hormones.
Where would steroid hormones most likely interact with their target cell?
Steroid hormones typically interact with their target cells inside the cell, specifically in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Once inside, they bind to specific receptor proteins, forming hormone-receptor complexes that can then modulate gene expression and alter cellular processes.
Do Hormones bind to receptor proteins with high capacity and low affinity?
Hormones do not bind to receptors with high capacity. The major defining properties of a hormone-receptor interaction, and what determines the strength of response is binding affinity and efficacy.
Why target cell respond to the hormone while others are uneffected?
Hormones are chemical messengers. In order to have an effect on a cell then it is necessary for the cell to have the correct receptor proteins. The hormone can bind to these receptor proteins and therefore will affect the cell.
Can steroid hormones enter the nucleus and influence the expression of genes?
Yes, steroid hormones can enter the nucleus and influence gene expression. They pass through the cell membrane due to their lipophilic nature and bind to specific intracellular receptors. This hormone-receptor complex then translocates to the nucleus, where it can bind to DNA and regulate the transcription of target genes, ultimately affecting protein synthesis and cellular functions.
A cell that contains proteins enabling a hormone to selectively bind to its plasma membrane is called what?
Target cell
What is most likely affected by a mutation in the DNA binding domain of a steroid hormone receptor?
The choices for this question were as follows:Conformational change of the receptorBinding of the hormone to the receptorTranslocation of the receptor to the nucleusCellular response to the hormoneThe answer is option 4.
What happen when a hormone bind to a receptor?
When a hormone binds to a receptor, it triggers a conformational change in the receptor, activating it. This activation initiates a signaling cascade within the cell, leading to various biological responses, such as changes in gene expression, metabolism, or cellular activity. The specific outcome depends on the type of hormone and receptor involved, as well as the target cell's characteristics. Ultimately, this process enables the hormone to exert its effects on physiological functions and homeostasis.
Is a ligand a hormone?
yes a ligand is anything that can change the conformation of a receptor protein. hormones bind to proteins in the same way ligands do
What hormone receptors bounds to DNA even when the receptors is empty?
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a hormone receptor that can bind to DNA even when it is empty. When bound to DNA, the GR can regulate gene expression and play a role in processes such as metabolism, inflammation, and stress response.
Does cholesterol function as a hormone receptor in the plasma membrane?
No, cholesterol does not directly function as a hormone receptor in the plasma membrane. Hormone receptors are typically proteins embedded in the membrane that bind specific hormones to initiate signaling pathways. Cholesterol primarily provides structural support and fluidity to the plasma membrane.
Steroid hormones bind to receptor on the surface cell?
Steroid hormones do not bind to receptors on the surface of the cell; instead, they pass through the cell membrane due to their lipid-soluble nature. Once inside the cell, they bind to intracellular receptors, often located in the cytoplasm or nucleus. This hormone-receptor complex then interacts with DNA to regulate gene expression, ultimately influencing various cellular processes. This mechanism allows steroid hormones to exert their effects on target tissues more directly than hormones that bind to surface receptors.
