For higher current applications you would need a power transformer, for lower current applications you would need an adapter transformer.
There is no need to convert a 110-volt outlet to 115 volts as they are essentially the same. The slight variation is within the normal tolerance range for electrical systems. If you need to use a device that requires 115 volts, you can safely plug it into a 110-volt outlet without the need for an adapter.
No conversion needed. These are nominal voltages which range from 110 to 120 volts. It will operate fine on the outlet.
Yes
No. You will need a transformer to step up the voltage and you will possibly need to convert the plug.
Yes, a 110 volt device can be plugged into a 125 volt receptacle. The voltage rating on the receptacle is only there as the highest voltage supply that the manufacturer recommends their equipment be connected to.
You have to buy a transformer or converter from 220v to 110v.
No, a 240 volt device runs on 240, and a 120 volt device runs on 120. Attempting to run a device on incompatible voltage results in damage.
Yes, a device rated for 127 volts should operate on 110 volt power without issues. The device may run slightly slower or with slightly reduced performance due to the lower voltage, but it should work safely.
Hot, neutral and ground.
If you want mood lighting just connect it as is, the brightness of the bulbs will be half. If you want full brightness change the bulbs to 120 volt with bulbs of the same wattage as the 220 volt bulbs.
Technically, 110-volt and 120-volt receptacles are not exactly the same. However, in practical terms, they are often used interchangeably as the standard voltage in the United States has become 120 volts. Most modern appliances are designed to work within a range of voltages, so a device rated for 110 volts should work fine in a 120-volt receptacle.
you don't. you just take and use 120 volts from the 220. At least that's what I'd do.