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There isn't any one particular reason to conserve natural resources. Rather, it is a variety of interest groups with loosely aligned goals of conservation.

Romantic interest: Writers like Emerson, Thoreau, and Muir connected with a sublime, or spiritual side of nature. God's true glory emerged in the interconnectedness and majesty of the natural world. Here, a sense of morality compelled people to protect "special" places.

Wise Use: The roots of the Conservation movement, proper, stem from the desire to use resources (such as timber or minerals) wisely in order to preserve them. Out of this school of thought arose the modern idea of sustainability.

Hunting: A major proponent of early conservation movements came from wealthy people who wanted to preserve hunting grounds. The tradition continues today as groups like Ducks Unlimited preserve wetlands. The stimulus here is an individualistic one: *I* want to preserve habitat so *I* can go hunting on it.

Socialism: Bob Marshall was a proponent of the Wilderness Act, but unlike the hunters, his motivation was socialism. He saw natural places as a place that belonged to ALL people, not just the wealthy elite who could buy large tracts of land or go to hunting preserves.

Playgrounds: Parks are preserved and managed at every level of government, each with its own agenda and focus. State parks are often focused on recreation, such as fishing, camping, biking, etc., while National Parks are often more focused on resource protection as a priority (though visitor experience is in the NPS mandate). Photographers, painters, hikers, climbers, campers, and others enjoy these areas. Hunters enjoy National Parks, but since hunting is not permitted in them, they often express to me some level of disappointment that they can't kill the most magnificent buck in the park.

Tree-Huggers and Animal Rights Activists: Some people have overpowering empathy for the life of an animal or a tree, and wish to preserve them out of selflessness. However, the problem with fundamentalism is that nature is a dynamic environment that is constantly changing; the life of any one tree is rather inconsequential. However, protecting the habitat of threatened species is critical to maintaining the biodiversity and natural balance of the world.

While there are differences and conflicts between these groups, they all have a similar goal of conservation. The bigger question is how best to go about conserving land. Perhaps this is why there are so many federal agencies that manage conservation-oriented lands: The U.S. Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Park Service, and the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service to name a few. Each of these agencies has a different mandate. Plus, there are state, county, and city conservation groups, as well as non-profit groups committed to conservation buying and advocacy.

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