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Besides water, and carbonic acid (from carbon dioxide dissolved in the rain droplets), the primary components of acid rain are sulfuric acid, which comes from sulfur dioxide derived from the burning of coal, and nitric acid, which from nitrogen emissions.

Acid rain contain traces of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. These gases when dissolved in water - as in cloud water droplets - form sulfuric acid and nitric acid [and probably also sulfurous and nitrous acids].

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