Ancient Greece

The ancient Greeks had various long-range weapons, including the bow and arrow, javelin, and sling. The bow and arrow were used by archers, who could shoot arrows accurately over long distances. Javelins were thrown by hand and could also be used as a thrusting weapon in close combat. Slings were used to hurl stones or lead bullets at enemies from a distance.

In ancient Greece, the mother who was given the highest honor was Leto, who was the mother of the twin gods Apollo and Artemis. Leto was highly revered for giving birth to these powerful and important gods.

The United States borrowed several political ideas from Greece, such as democracy, the concept of citizen participation, and the independence of the judiciary. From England, the US borrowed ideas like the rule of law, limited government, representative government, and the protection of individual rights found in documents like the Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights. These ideas influenced the development of the American political system and its founding documents like the Constitution and Bill of Rights.

In ancient Greece, there were mainly three types of schools. Primary schools called "grammata" were attended by boys and girls where they received basic education in reading, writing, and arithmetic. Secondary schools known as "gymnasiums" were exclusive to boys and focused on physical education and a broader curriculum. Lastly, higher education institutions called "academies" or "philosophical schools" were attended by the elite and offered a more specialized education in philosophy, mathematics, and other subjects.

The Greeks used a combination of addition and subtraction to perform subtraction in their numeral system. They would determine the difference between two numbers by adding the complement (the number that, when added, would equal the base of the numeral system) of the subtrahend (the number being subtracted) to the minuend (the number being subtracted from). This process involved breaking down the numbers into their place values and performing the necessary computations.

In Athens, ten generals were appointed, one from each tribe. Their job was to lead in war, however the Assembly often gave them important non-military matters to implement as they did not trust their randomly selected councilors to be reliably capable of doing major direction.

They often worked in the household and managed the financial situation. If they were rich, the kept track of household slaves and poorer woman worked in the marketplace (aragora). All citizen women could participate in religious festivities

Ancient Greeks enjoyed a variety of sports for entertainment. Some popular ones included chariot racing, running and jumping events like the Olympic Games, boxing, wrestling, and competitive ball games like Episkyros and Phaininda. These sports were not only seen as a form of entertainment but also had cultural and religious significance in ancient Greek society.

Aspasia of Miletus opened a very successful brothel in Athens. She became girlfriend to its leading citizen Pericles and seems to have held considerable influence over him.

This influence may have led to Athens' suppression of Samos when it went to war against Aspasia's home city of Miletus. She is also mentioned in a comedy as promoting the Peloponnesian War when some lads from neighbouring Megara stole some of Aspasia's prostitutes from Athens. Pericles' protection ended when he died of the plague in 429 BCE, so she latched on to another general, but he was killed the following year. She died in about 400 BCE.

Aspasia had a son by Pericles, also named Pericles. This son became a general, and was executed along with several others for abandoning wrecked sailors after the battle of Aginusi.

The Greek polis began as a small independent city-state, characterized by a central urban center and surrounding countryside. It was a self-governing entity with its own political, social, and economic structure.

The Romans soon took over Greece adding Roman gods with greek gods sharing sacred temples. The Romans adapted the Greek culture and also brought in western culture too.

The Assembly was the citizen body gathered together to make laws and major decisions, particularly on peace and war.

The Council carried out the decisions of the Assembly and handled problems between Assembly meetings, and convened assemblies.

The three terrible sisters of ancient Greece are the Fates, also known as the Moirai. They are responsible for controlling human destiny and determining the length of a person's life. The three sisters are Clotho, who spins the thread of life, Lachesis, who measures the thread, and Atropos, who cuts the thread, signaling the end of life.

Ancient Greek wrestlers competed naked as it was considered more practical for the sport. The absence of clothing allowed for greater mobility, reduced the risk of gripping and tearing, and eliminated any potential advantages or disadvantages associated with clothing. Additionally, the Ancient Greeks viewed nudity as a symbol of athletic prowess and celebration of the human body.

Around 200 BCE, ancient Greek civilization was in its Hellenistic period, which was characterized by the spread of Greek culture following the conquests of Alexander the Great. Greek philosophy, art, and literature continued to flourish, with notable figures such as Epicurus and Menander making significant contributions. The Hellenistic period also saw the rise of powerful kingdoms, such as the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt and the Seleucid Empire in the Near East.

There is evidence to suggest that ancient Greek architects and artists used the concept of the golden rectangle in their designs. Examples can be found in the Parthenon and other structures where the proportions of elements follow the golden ratio. However, it is important to note that not all ancient Greek buildings necessarily incorporated the golden rectangle.

The Cretan dagger, also known as the Minoan dagger, is an ancient weapon that originated in the Bronze Age civilization of ancient Crete, specifically during the Minoan period (around 2600-1100 BCE). It is characterized by a double-edged blade made of bronze, often with a gracefully curved shape and a decorative handle. Cretan daggers have been found in archaeological sites throughout the Mediterranean, suggesting their widespread use and importance in ancient warfare.

The ancient Greek name for a racecourse is "hippodrome," which translates to "horse course" in English. These were specifically designed tracks or venues where chariot races and other equestrian events were held in ancient Greece. One famous example is the Hippodrome of Olympia, where the Olympic Games were held.

The Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE) marked the beginning of the end of Greek dominance. It was a protracted and devastating conflict between Athens and Sparta, eventually leading to the decline of both city-states. The war weakened Greece politically, economically, and militarily, laying the groundwork for the rise of Macedonia and ultimately Alexander the Great's conquest of the Greek city-states.

cultural, religious, and linguistic ties were known as polis. These city states were typically small and governed by a combination of aristocrats and citizens. They also had their own unique laws and practices, but would come together in times of war or to participate in religious festivals.

The Olympics, as we know them today, started in 1896. However, the ancient Olympic Games date back to 776 BC.

The Greeks had many gods, each with a different area of interest. Their connection was a compact - give the gods due honour and they will look after you. There was no afterlife - the deal was for human lifespan. There were no religious wars as those gods didn't make claims of uniqueness or sole supremacy.

We have established a god or gods who promise an afterlife where apparently we can spend eternity worshipping the god/gods. These gods have promoted religious wars between humans in their claim for supremacy over other gods.

In ancient Greece, if you won a boxing match, the prize was usually a wreath made of wild olive leaves. This wreath, called the "kotinos," was considered a great honor and symbolized victory in the sporting event. It was a prestigious accolade that recognized the skill and strength of the boxer.

Greeks created the idea of citizenship through the participation through the government or politics.