Badminton

The 10 rules of badminton are as follows:

1. A game starts with a coin toss. Whoever wins the toss gets to decide whether they would serve or receive first OR what side of the court they want to be on. The side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.

2. At no time during the game should the player touch the net, with his racquet or his body.

3. The shuttlecock should not be carried on or come to rest on the racquet.

4. A player should not reach over the net to hit the shuttlecock.

5. A serve must carry cross court (diagonally) to be valid.

6. During the serve, a player should not touch any of the lines of the court, until the server strikes the shuttlecock. During the serve the shuttlecock should always be hit from below the waist.

7. A point is added to a player's score as and when he wins a rally.

8. A player wins a rally when he strikes the shuttlecock and it touches the floor of the opponent's side of the court or when the opponent commits a fault. The most common type of fault is when a player fails to hit the shuttlecock over the net or it lands outside the boundary of the court.

9. Each side can strike the shuttlecock only once before it passes over the net. Once hit, a player can't strike the shuttlecock in a new movement or shot.

10. The shuttlecock hitting the ceiling, is counted as a fault.

The word "Poona" is an English transcription of the Marathi colloquially pronounced word "Puna" (not to be pronounced as "Punaa", but with short vowel 'a', the indo-Germanic shwa). Since the English accent generally falls on the beginning of the word, the syllable "Pu" got elongated and "na"(shwa) was shortened, which came closer to the original Marathi "na". But there is a written form of the same word as "Pune", which is being consistently used in the written texts since the 17th century. The British rulers as per their colonial habit invented their own names for the foreign cities like Munich(originally: Muenchen), Paris(original pronunciation: Paaree), They also named several Indian cities as per their linguistic convenience like Bombay(Mumbai), Calcutta (Kolkata), Madras (Chennai), Delhi (Dilli).

Commensurate wih present trend of Indianising the names of Indian cities, one reverts to the original names or writing forms.

Prof. Dr. Pramod Talgeri

Former Vice-Chancellor

Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages(CIEFL, now EFLU)

Hyderabad

The rules of badminton consider the following as faults:

- If the shuttle lands outside the boundaries of the court, passes through or under the net, fail to pass the net, touches the ceiling or side walls, touches the person or dress of a player or touches any other object or person.

- If the initial point of contact with the shuttle is not on the striker's side of the net. (The striker may, however, follow the shuttle over the net with the racket in the course of a stroke.)

- If a player touches the net or its supports with racket, person or dress, invades an opponent's court over the net with racket or person except as permitted.

- If a player invades an opponent's court under the net with racket or person such that an opponent is obstructed or distracted or obstructs an opponent, that is prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke where the shuttle is followed over the net.

- If a player deliberately distracts an opponent by any action such as shouting or making gestures.

- If the shuttle is caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke.

- If the shuttle is hit twice in succession by the same player with two strokes.

- If the shuttle is hit by a player and the player's partner successively or touches a player's racket and continues towards the back of that player's court.

- If a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences under Law of Continuous Play, Misconduct, Penalties.

- If, on service, the shuttle is caught on the net and remains suspended on top, or, on service, after passing over the net is caught in the net.

hope it helped :)