To qualify you must have owned your home for at least 5 years and have lived in it for two of those five years. There are exceptions for active duty military.

In Canada you pay the capital gains only on investment properties that are sold and it's paid with your income taxes (so you may have a income tax balance due when you file your taxes, for the year the property was sold).

yes

cape horn mining company

It is not so much up to you. If you sell an asset, the selling price minus your basis is your taxable gain. I guess you could sell it for less, but what would that do for you. People learn that doing things so that you have less taxes, is just taking money out of your pocket. If you sell something at a profit, your taxes will be less that one third of your profit, so in order to reduce your taxes, you have to reduce your income. If you try to sell an asset for less to yourself, a family member, or a friend then the price is not an arms length transaction and if audited, you will pay taxes on the fair market value, pay penalties, interest, and probably will be convicted of tax fraud.

If you donate a capital property to a registered non-profit organization that is approved by the IRS, you can deduct the lesser of the fair market value or your basis in the property.

The short term capital gain on a stock held for less than one year is the rate you pay on ordinary income.

A capital gain and a dividend are two different things completely. You can offset a Capital Gain with Capital Losses, but you cannot offset dividends with capital losses. They are different items and are reported on different forms.

Long-term investments in collectibles are taxed at a flat 28%.Short-term investments in collectibles are taxed as short-term capital gains at your ordinary income tax rates..The short-term holding period is one year or less.. Short-term capital gains are taxed at-ordinary income tax rates,which range 10% to 39.6% for the year of 2016....