Charles Darwin

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics. He suggested that organisms could pass on traits acquired during their lifetime to their offspring. This idea has been largely discredited in modern biology.

The characteristics today are what gave the best chances of survival over the last few years, decades, centuries.

They were modified to best suit the circumstances surrounding their development, and the best modifications were passed on to descendants.

Gradual changes in species over time is known as evolution. This is a process where populations of organisms change over generations as a result of genetic variation, natural selection, and adaptations to their environment. Over time, these changes can lead to the formation of new species.

One new line of evidence supporting evolution that scientists learned after Darwin's book was published is the discovery of DNA and the understanding of how genetic information is passed down from one generation to the next. DNA sequencing has provided clear evidence of the relatedness of different species and how they have evolved over time.

Dobzhansky and Mayr explained the origin of species through the process of natural selection and genetic variation. They proposed that species evolve over time through the accumulation of small, gradual changes, leading to the formation of new species. Dobzhansky's concept of genetic drift and Mayr's theory of geographic isolation also played key roles in their explanations.

Alfred Russel Wallace independently developed the theory of evolution by natural selection, which was very similar to Charles Darwin's ideas. Wallace and Darwin jointly published a scientific paper on the subject in 1858.

Evolution is the change in heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. This change occurs due to genetic variation, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow.

The formation of the cell theory exemplifies the process of science through its iterative nature. Initially proposed by studying cork cells in the 17th century, it evolved over time with contributions from multiple scientists through observation, experimentation, and validation of their hypotheses. This collaborative and evidence-based approach demonstrates the scientific method in action as ideas are refined and tested to better understand the natural world.

The geographical distribution of closely related species in different regions, such as marsupials in Australia and placental mammals in other parts of the world, supports the theory of common descent. This distribution suggests that these species evolved from a common ancestor and diverged as they adapted to different environments. Additionally, the similarities in species found on islands compared to nearby mainland regions also provide evidence for common descent through adaptive radiation.

Variation was not the weakest concept in Darwin's theory. In fact, variation is a key component of natural selection, as it provides the raw material for evolution to work on. Individual variations within a population allow some organisms to survive and reproduce more successfully than others, leading to changes in the gene pool over time.

The genetic theory of aging suggests that the process of aging is influenced by an individual's genetic makeup. It proposes that variations in genes can affect an organism's lifespan and susceptibility to age-related diseases. Research in this field focuses on identifying specific genes that play a role in the aging process.

There is no " what do I understand by the term evolution. " Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms. This is a observed and observable fact.

It is no longer Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, but has had over 150 years of modification and improvement to become the modern synthesis.

A short definition of natural selection.

" The non-random survival of randomly replicating organisms. "

Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the concept of natural selection, where individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, this process leads to the accumulation of beneficial traits within a population, resulting in the gradual change of species. Additionally, Darwin's theory highlights the importance of variation within a population, genetic inheritance, and the gradual divergence of species over long periods of time.

Darwin used the phrase "descent with modification" in his book "On the Origin of Species" instead of the word "evolution." He used this phrase to describe the process by which species change over time through natural selection.

Scientific theories have changed over time as new evidence is discovered through experiments and observations. As technology advances, scientists can gather more accurate data and refine their theories accordingly. Additionally, the acceptance and rejection of ideas by the scientific community also influence the evolution of scientific theories.

The theory of evolution by natural selection. Evolution is a fact explained by the theory. Short explanation.

Natural selection is the nonrandom survival and reproductive success of randomly varying individuals.

Evidence from paleontology, molecular cell biology, genetics, biochemistry, geology, evolutionary biology, evolutionary development (evo devo ), embryology and a host of other disciplines, such as anthropology.

These show that alleles frequencies change over tim in populations of organisms.

These show that all organisms on earth are related in morphology and function.

Developmentally organisms are related. Vestigial evidences of relatedness.

Biogeographically evidences

Finding out how exactly traits are passed on to offspring - with variation - filled in a gap in the understanding of evolution that Darwin pioneered. Darwin did not know or understand how it could come to be that traits propagated through the generations with only minor variations, without blending. He could only assume that there was some mechanism that facilitated this propagation. His fear was that further research into genetics would show that sexual reproduction blends traits. Had that been the case, then evolutionary theory would have been falsified. In stead, what we learned about genetics - starting with Mendel, and culminating in the findings of Watson and Crick - confirmed what we'd learned about evolution in great detail.

That is just another name for Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection--i.e., evolution. The term is often misunderstood by the public and misconstrued by people with ideological-based biases wishing to reflect evolution in a negative light. Here, "survival of the fittest" doesn't refer to the biggest and strongest, but to the individuals who survive longer and pass on more offspring. For example, elephants are by far the most powerful land animals in the world, but there is no way that they could survive under water, where it is populated by fish. Though much, much weaker than elephants, fish are better suited to the underwater environment because they have special adaptations like gills, fins, and air bladders. This means they are more fit than the elephant in this context because they will thrive in this environment and will produce more offspring.

Darwin's principle of descent with modification suggests that all species share a common ancestor and have diversified over time through the processes of natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift. This principle forms the foundation of evolutionary theory, explaining the diversity of life on Earth.

Natural selection changes the genetic makeup of a population by favoring some genotypes over others. It does so through the differential reproduction of those genotypes. Put simply, if I possess a variant of a trait (and the genotype underlying it) which allows me to leave behind more adult offspring than those with different variants of that trait, then my variant will become more common in the population than the others. The result is a change in the frequency of the gene variants: mine increases in frequency at the expense of the others. This change in the frequency of gene variants (known as alleles) over time in a population is the basic definition of evolution itself.

Charles Darwin was a biologist. He loved collecting beetles and he did (genetic, even though the world knew nothing of genes at the time) experiments with plants. He wrote work upon work on barnacles too.

Today, he is famed for the Theory of Evolution.

Being in a population is what causes interactions between an organism and another. So it's the interspecific (between different species) and intraspecific (between the same species) interactions that cause evolutionary pressure. The main types of interactions are competition, mutualism, and parasitism. If the organism were just in a world by itself, it would have absolutely no need to evolve. That's because it would be able to get all the food and resources it needs and wants. So again, it's the interaction between organisms that really counts.

Thomas Malthus' work originated around population statistics and how they are affected by different factors. His work was instrumental for Darwin and Wallace's proposal of natural selection.

Just to add, no he did not propose a theory of evolution.