Chromosomes

Seals typically have a diploid number of 34 chromosomes. This means they have 17 pairs of chromosomes in their cells.

44

^Incorrect.

I assume you're talking about humans, in which case a healthy child will have 46 chromosomes. There are 22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes and the 2 sex ones (XX or XY).

I believe that they use something called karyotyping. The scientist will basically get some tissue samples from your body and let it grow in their lab. Then another will take this sample and look under a microscope to examine the shape, size and will count the amount of chromosomes that are present in the cells. They will then proceed and take a picture of the chromosomes.

Genes on the Y chromosome are responsible for male sex determination and other male-specific traits. They play a crucial role in the development of male reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics.

there are 8 chromosomes in an adult house fly.

Any chromosome can be affected by changes in chromosome numbers. This can include trisomy (three copies of a chromosome), monosomy (one copy of a chromosome), or other abnormalities such as deletions or duplications. These changes can lead to genetic disorders or abnormalities.

The rules were worked out in the middle years of the nineteenth century by an Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel, who devised them after conducting an extensive series of experiments on garden peas.

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Males have 1 X chro. and 1 Y chro. in a pair. Females just have 2 X's. The first 22 pairs are evenly spaced between male and female, but the 23rd depicts which gender you are.
Chromosomes are an important part of your DNA.

An example of homologous chromosomes in humans is the pair of chromosome 1 from each parent. Homologous chromosomes carry similar genes in the same order, although they may have slight variations in the actual DNA sequences.

High methylation of a chromosome typically leads to gene silencing, as it can inhibit the binding of transcription factors and RNA polymerase needed for gene expression. This can result in decreased or altered gene activity, impacting cellular functions and potentially leading to various diseases or abnormalities.

4 because the parent cell has four chromosomes arranged in 2 pairs. Each offspring has 4 chromosomes, one pair from each parent.

Having two X chromosomes typically results in a person being biologically female. This genetic combination allows for the development of typically female physical characteristics, although exceptions and variations do exist.

After chromosomes condense during cell division, they align along the center of the cell during metaphase. During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Finally, during telophase and cytokinesis, the cell divides into two daughter cells, each with a complete set of chromosomes.

A karyotype shows chromosomes arranged by size, shape, and banding pattern. This arrangement helps to identify any structural abnormalities or genetic disorders by comparing the individual's chromosomes with a standard karyotype.

No, prokaryotic chromosomes only comprise of one chromosome.

An X chromosome is much, much larger than a Y chromosome. For this reason, an X chromosome is more important for life than a Y. Let's consider the options you posed:

YY --> because the Y chromosome is so small, there is not enough genetic information for an organism to survive. This is not viable and will not even form an organism.

YYY --> again, same thing. See above.

XXY --> Klinefelter's syndrome. This produces a male with an inhibited reproductive ability; he will probably not be able to produce offspring.

XXX --> Triplo-X syndrome. Because in normal females, one X chromosome is turned off anyways (Barr body) to avoid any extra genetic info, the same thing happens here, only both X chromosomes are turned off. Only one X chromosome is active at a time. There's no distinguishable difference between XX and XXX females.

XYY --> Normal male. Most men who have this genotype probably don't even know they have it.

There are no 'Side Effects', just things that 'come with the package'.

You can suffer breathlessness, bowel problems and probalmes with liver and kidneys. There are other things too, but at age 13, that's all I've really had so far.

Haploid S. cerevisiae have 16 nuclear chromosomes; thus diploid have 32.

Haploid S. pombe have 3 nuclear chromosomes; thus diploid have 6.

(etc. etc. etc. depending upon what "yeast" you are referring to)

Proteins like histones help condense chromosomes by wrapping DNA around them to form nucleosomes. This compacts the DNA into a more condensed structure, making it easier to fit inside the cell's nucleus and regulate gene expression.

Changes in chromosome structure are referred to as chromosomal abnormalities. These abnormalities can include deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations, which can lead to genetic disorders or other health conditions.

Well, you only have two choices or examples: X and Y.

A chromosome unit refers to a single chromosome, which is a long strand of DNA containing genetic information. In humans, a chromosome unit consists of two sister chromatids joined together at a centromere. Chromosomes are located within the nucleus of cells and play a crucial role in storing and transmitting genetic information during cell division.

Cystic fibrosis can be detected through a combination of genetic testing, sweat chloride testing, and certain diagnostic imaging tests like chest X-rays or CT scans. Additionally, symptoms such as chronic respiratory issues, digestive problems, and salty skin can also be indicators of cystic fibrosis. A thorough medical evaluation by a healthcare provider is necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

Yes, DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes in most cells. Chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins, and they contain the genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next. Each species has a specific number of chromosomes that are located in the cell's nucleus.