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Database Programming

Databases are collections of tables that maintain and display information, often collaboratively; this information can be used for interaction with an application or gaining general knowledge. Questions about database engines and modifying or using them belong in this category.

8,803 Questions

How does normalization reduce data redundancy?

Normalization is being applied for the database to reduce redundancy as in case of first normal for remove the redundant data from rows and in 2nd normal form it removes the redundant data vertically and in 3rd normal form it looks for the redundant data and whether it is non transitively depend on the primary key or not in other words it is the technique of breaking down the complex table into understandable smaller one to improve the optimization of the database structure and data redundancy is the data organization issue that allows the unnecessary duplication of data within the database. For example the first normal form where there should be one key in every table to uniquely each row thus no rows should be repeated and each entry must contain a single value and not multiple values .for instance employee, employee name, telephone numbers.

What are the goals of a non commercial entity?

Commercial entities usually measure success in the amount of money they make.

On the other hand non-commercial entities measure success in other volumes.

Some are charitable and measure their success in, for example, humanitarian aid.

Others, like non commercial broadcasters, have goals to provide services that commercial broadcasters would not consider - NC broadcasters usually focus on quality over populism.

Thirdly there are commercial entities which, although are profit based, also strive for non commercial means simultaneously through corporate responsibility. This can include philanthropy and local charity schemes.

What does the term 'file' mean in a database?

A file is lots of fields or information crammed together!

A file tells you lots of information that you need!

hope that helps :)

What is am entry of a database?

An entry in a database is referred to as a "record."

What is DBMS kernel?

A DBMS kernal is a type of database. It is usually used in the architecture business world and it consists of software and system-level data structures.

Advantages of frame based expert systems?

Frame-based systems support class inheritance, i.e. the process by which

all characteristics of a class-frame are assumed by the instance-frame.

What are the sql commands with dml and ddl?

The DDL provides statement for the creation and deletion of tables, indexes, views etc. The DML provides statements to enter, update, delete and perform complex queries on these tables.

What are the benefits and advantages automated material handling system has over manual handling system?

In the Salmoiraghi concept, automation is rather more than a simple reduction of labor costs. Indeed, the most important aspect is to completely eliminate manual handling and its inherent problems, thereby achieving high product quality.

The benefits of an Automated Handling System (AHS) are:

  • Complete "from production line to shipping" automation process
  • Total elimination of manual handling, leading to dramatic and immediate

    improvement of product quality

  • Safe and efficient product flow in a compact and fluid system configuration
  • Sharp reduction of labor costs guaranteeing prompt return on investment

    (3-4 years payback)

  • Considerable factory floor space gain
  • Clean, orderly, efficient production environment
  • Fully computerized operation affording real-time system control, comprehensive data processing facilities, and just-in-time flexibility
  • Product traceability resulting in better customer service
  • Full compatibility with trend towards larger and heavier product units
  • High efficiency packing process
  • Last but not least: safe and physically effortless operation

For all these reasons, a Salmoiraghi Automated Handling System maximizes the plant efficiency and provides you with a competitive edge in today's demanding market.

It is safe to assume that, due to stringent cost control, high product quality demands, and "just-in-time" requirements, automated handling will assume in the near future an ever-increasing role in various industrial sectors.

As always, we are committed to anticipate the market trends and offer state-of-the-art and cost-effective technology to our customers.

Automated handling systems can transform your business by slashing costs, reducing errors, and increasing efficiency.

MATERIAL HANDLILNG SYSTEM

In any production system, (either industrial/ Agricultural), the producer is always confronted with a problem of the handling of the material. The necessary raw material has to be transported to the production site or machinery, and after the completion of the production processes the finished goods have to be transported from the production site or machinery to the ware house for storage, or for disposal and marketing. If the production processes consists of more than one processing steps or a number of equipment and machineries, then the producer has to arrange for additional handling facilities to transport material from one production unit to the other.

In a primitive system of production as in the agricultural production in India or in the shop of a village blacksmith, the raw material and finished goods are carried manually or by bullock cart. In a giant structural fabrication shop, or in a large foundry or forging shop, the raw materials and finished jobs may be moved with heavy duty EOT ( Electric Overhead Travelling), Crane or Jib Crane.

In a sophisticated production system, as adopted now a days in the developed countries, there may be complete automation in handling system employing robotics or AGV (Automated Guided Vehicles).

It is necessary in the sense that every production process requires one or the other type of material handling arrangement. But a material handling system does not add to the value of the raw material or finished goods, yet simply increase the cost of production. So while selecting a material handling equipment or arrangement, critically analyze whether the selected equipment or arrangement will yield optimum productivity.

Essential Of Good Material Handling System:

  • Efficient and safe movement of materials to the desired place.
  • Timely movement of the materials when needed.
  • Supply of materials at the desired rate.
  • Storing of materials utilizing minimum space.
  • Lowest cost solution to the materials handling activities.

Advantages Of Material Handling System:

  • Improve efficiency of a production system by ensuring the right quantity of materials delivered at the right place at the right time most economically.
  • Cut down indirect labor cost.
  • Reduce damage of materials during storage and movement.
  • Maximize space utilization by proper storage of materials and thereby reduce storage and handling cost.
  • Minimize accident during materials handling.
  • Reduce overall cost by improving materials handling.
  • Improve customer services by supplying materials in a manner convenient for handlings.
  • Increase efficiency and saleability of plant and equipment with integral materials handling features.

Disadvantages Of Material Handling System:

  • Additional capital cost involved in any materials handling system.
  • Once a materials handling system get implemented, flexibility for further changes gets greatly reduced.
  • With an integrated materials handling system installed, failure/stoppage in any portion of it leads to increased downtime of the production system.
  • Materials handling system needs maintenance, hence any addition to materials handling means additional maintenance facilities and costs.

Benefits

automated material handling can come in small pieces like saving employees backs, but the benefits also stretch out to cover larger areas as well. In some cases the efficiency that is created by automated material handling can cause a company to consolidate its warehouse operations into one or two distribution locations down from the 6 or 7 that were used previously. This creates a major cost savings for a company. Some automated material handling systems include overhead robotics that pick products from floor locations and deliver them to the pallet location. These are very speedy and quite accurate. Sometimes the robotics are combined with the manufacturing operation to take a food product from its manufacturing point into packaging, then into palletizing before shipping to the retail location for sales. Be aware that automated material handling systems can be configured to do all that is required in the warehouse or distribution center.

Manual material handling (MMH) is defined as the unaided moving of objects, often combined with twisting and awkward postures and contributing to musculoskeletal disorders. Traumatic occurrences (slips, trips, falls, and blows to the body.) cause the other bodily injuries, pain and disability. Typically, not one specific occurrence but rather the awkward body positions, repetition, force and duration associated with movement lead to back, neck and other problems (Cumulative Trauma Disorders).

Edited bv:

Frank W.K. Anane

K'dua Poly

04/2009/398D

What is a recursive relationship in databases?

A recursive relationship can be defined as A relationship that is expressed about multiple records within one table. As an example if we take an employee table then there are some employees who are supervisor and some who are being supervised. This is the relationship of Supervisor and supervisee is called a recursive relationship.

More concrete definition of Recursive relationship can be A relationship between information held in a field, group of fields, or complete record and information of the same type held in one or more other occurrences of that record, or part thereof.

What is the problem in manual student attendance monitoring system?

It's not very effective and time consuming. Try Alosko - it's free and easy to use, plus it check geographical location of the students.

Is the relational database an example of oracle database?

A relational database is a type of database design. Oracle is a brand of database. You can create a relational database using Oracle. You can also create relational databases using other database applications.

Which is one of the four main operations of DBMS?

One of the four main operations of a Database Management System (DBMS) is data retrieval. This operation allows users to query the database and extract specific information using structured query languages like SQL. Data retrieval is essential for generating reports, analyzing data, and supporting decision-making processes.

Which one between logical and physical data independent is harder to achieve and why?

the logical data independence is hard to achieve because all the manipulation is belonging in logical data independence but in physical data independence only show the physical view .