Drifting

1. Fossil evidence: the discovery of identical fossils on continents separated by vast oceans supports the idea that these landmasses were once joined together.

2. Matching geological features: the alignment of mountain ranges and rock formations on different continents, such as the Appalachian Mountains in North America and the Caledonian Mountains in Europe, provide evidence of past connections.

Fossils found on different continents with similar characteristics suggest that these landmasses were once connected millions of years ago. As continents drift apart, similar fossils can only be explained by the movement of landmasses over time, supporting the theory of continental drift. This provides evidence that different continents were once part of a single supercontinent, such as Pangaea.

Alfred Wegener used fossil evidence, particularly the presence of identical plant and animal fossils on continents that are now separated by oceans, to develop the theory of continental drift. This suggested that those continents were once joined together.

Well it wasn't so much climate as the fossils that have been found. Fossils have been found in Antarctica of plants that only occur in tropical climates so at one point it must have had a tropical climate. That is the most dramatic example but there are more subtle ones that led him to believe that the continents, at one point, must have been in different locations on the Earth and then moved to where they currently are.

Groynes are barrier structures built perpendicular to the coastline. They trap sediment that is being carried by longshore drift, helping to build up and retain the beach. This reduces the amount of sediment that is moved along the coast by wave action, helping to stabilize the coastline.

Drift plains are flat expanses of land covered in sediment deposits left behind by glaciers or rivers. These deposits consist of a mixture of soil, rocks, and other debris, creating a fertile landscape suitable for agriculture. Drift plains are often found in regions that have been shaped by ice ages or glacial activity.

1. Matching coastlines: Wegener observed that the coastlines of continents like South America and Africa appeared to fit together like pieces of a puzzle.
2. Fossil evidence: Similar fossils of plants and animals found on continents that are now far apart suggested that they were once connected.
3. Rock formations and mountain ranges: The similarity of rock formations and mountain belts across continents supported the idea of a once-unified supercontinent.

Rock clues support Wegners theory of continental drift and Pangaea because when India hit Eurasia the Himalayas formed and that is where Mt Everest is today! Climate clues include glacial evidence in tropical places it shows glacial evidence that there was once glaciers there. Fossil clues in clue many tropical plants and animal fossils were found in places like Antarctica where these plants and animals could not grow. Also dinosaur bones were found scattered around there earth. Dinosaurs can't swim, so they must have walked around this way!

Scientific evidence supporting the theory of continental drift includes the fit of the continents like puzzle pieces, matching geological features across continents, distribution of similar fossils and rocks across continents, and patterns of ancient climate change and glacial activity that align when continents are reconstructed into a single landmass. Additionally, modern techniques like GPS satellite monitoring continue to provide direct evidence of plate movements.

The direction of longshore drift is typically parallel to the coastline. It moves sediment and materials along the shoreline in a zigzag pattern due to the angle of incoming waves.

Alfred Wegener used evidence from the fit of continents, distribution of fossils, rock types, and ancient climate data to support his theory of continental drift.

The pieces of evidence Alfred Wegener used to support his theory about continental drift were; Puzzle Fit, Fossil evidence from animals that were once on the same continent, geologic evidence like mountain chains that were connected and now split apart, and ice sheets. Thank you for reading this article and I hoped it answered your question!

There were four peices of evidence:

1. He noticed that the some of the continents fit together like a puzzle.

2. He found the same fossils in both continents, this is only possible if they were once touching each other.

3. There were the same kind of mountains in canada and Europe, the only way this is possible is if the two plates once collided.

4. 250 million years ago there were ice sheets in southern Africa, India, and Australia and this is only possible if they once touched Antartica.

Genetic drift is the spread of specific random variations throughout the gene pool in the absence of specific selection pressures. There's always random variation in the population, but there aren't always changes in the environment for the population to adapt to. So natural selection, in stead of moving the population towards adaptation, might select from that random variation to move 'sideways', as it were, to a state that's equally well-adapted to the environment as what came before, but different. As random variation may produce many variants that are, more or less, equally well-adapted to their environment, the direction of evolution that results is more or less random. Because variations may spread throughout small populations faster than throughout large populations, and because a large gene pool has a stabilizing effect on the spread of variations, small populations drift faster than large populations.

In the 1960s to 70s people began the acceptance of continental drift. This was mainly due to the fact that more data and discoveries took place, these included paleomagnetic studies. This is the studying of the record of the Earth's magnetic field in rocks. These showed that continents had moved large distances and indeed had once been together. These also showed that new crust had formed at mid ocean ridges and had then moved apart. Ridges had been discovered and were shown to spread around the world. Russians also discovered that earthquakes, volcanoes and…. Occurred at mid ocean ridges and deep sea trenches which highlighted plate boundaries. One of the final developments was deep sea drilling which took rock samples that showed that the crust increased in age as they got farther away from the deep sea ridges.

Continental drift refers to the movement of Earth's continents over time due to the shifting of tectonic plates. This theory suggests that continents were once connected into a single landmass called Pangaea and have since drifted apart to their current positions.

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One reason people didn't initially believe Wegener's continental drift theory was the lack of a mechanism to explain how continents could move. The theory was also considered radical and contradicted the established belief that continents were fixed in place. Additionally, Wegener's evidence, while compelling, was not widely accepted at the time due to the limited understanding of plate tectonics.

Genetic drift is more likely to occur in small populations where chance plays a significant role in determining the frequency of alleles. It can also happen in isolated populations or during population bottlenecks where genetic diversity is reduced.

Continental drift is caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which are large pieces of the Earth's lithosphere that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere below. The heat generated by the Earth's core causes convection currents in the asthenosphere that move the tectonic plates, leading to the gradual movement of continents over millions of years. This process is known as plate tectonics.

Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift was supported by several pieces of evidence, including the fit of the continents like a jigsaw puzzle, similarities in rock formations and fossils across continents, and matching geological features such as mountain ranges and coastlines. Additionally, Wegener found evidence of past glaciation in regions that are now separated by oceans, suggesting they were once connected.

Alfred Wegener used fossil evidence, geological evidence, paleoclimatic evidence, and the fit of continental coastlines to support his theory of continental drift. By comparing fossils, rock formations, climate patterns, and the alignment of continents like puzzle pieces, Wegener proposed that the continents were once connected in a single supercontinent called Pangaea that drifted apart over time.

When there is low gene flow

When there is no selective pressure

When there is a bottleneck

1. Fit of the continents: The coastlines of continents such as South America and Africa appear to fit together like puzzle pieces.
2. Fossil evidence: Similar fossils of plants and animals have been found on continents that are now widely separated by oceans.
3. Geological features: Matching rock formations and mountain ranges across different continents suggest they were once connected.

An iceberg is a large piece of ice that breaks off from an ice shelf and drifts in the ocean. They can vary in size from small chunks to massive blocks of ice.