Fuel Cells

It explodes because of the high Energy and because it has a lot of isotopes and and if you put some Einsteinium in it, it will destroy a planet the size of Jupiter

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:-).

Seriously though, that is what a Fuel Cell is supposed to do - take Hydrogen and Oxygen, but to produce electricity in a controlled manner, not explode.

For every mole of oxygen consumed in the reaction 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, two moles of water are produced. Therefore, if 0.633 moles of oxygen are consumed, the number of moles of water produced would be 2 x 0.633 = 1.266 moles.

There are 3 main types of a Fuel Cell.

1. Hydrogen Fuel Cell. This is the main one people use nowadays.

2. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell.

3. Alkaline Fuel cell. Made from Alkaline metals.

Water, when pure hydrogen is used. If the likes of longer chain alkanes are used, (which they can be in some), CO2 is generated, however, they are still more efficient than standard cars.

During generation of H2, the waste associated would be (at a guess) Oxygen which is not considered waste really, the poisoned catalyst (after time) be it a molecular catalyst or metal electrode surface, and I think the electrolytes after some time become problematic. In a molecular catalytic hydrogen generative system, you need a sacrificial donor molecule, such as triethylamine or triethanolamine.

Citric acid can act as a biodegradable and cost-effective alternative to traditional electrolytes in hydrogen fuel cells. It can help enhance conductivity and stability of the electrolyte, promoting efficient proton transfer during the fuel cell reaction.

The equation to calculate the voltage of a fuel cell is given by:
Vcell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln(Q)
where Vcell is the cell potential, E°cell is the standard cell potential, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, n is the number of moles of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday's constant, and Q is the reaction quotient.

The cathode in a fuel cell is typically made from a material like platinum, which serves as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. The anode is usually made from a material like nickel, which helps facilitate the oxidation of the fuel.

Fuel cells primarily rely on hydrogen as their energy source. Hydrogen gas is fed into the fuel cell where it reacts with oxygen to produce electricity, heat, and water as byproducts.

The substance that supplies energy to fuel cell activity is typically hydrogen. It is used as the fuel source in the anode compartment of the fuel cell and undergoes a reaction that produces electrons and protons, which then generate electricity.

water vapour

Sodium acetate can be used as a carbon source in microbial fuel cells to provide a substrate for microbial growth and electron transfer. The acetate is metabolized by the microbes, generating electrons that can be transferred to an electrode to produce electricity. Sodium acetate can therefore enhance the performance and efficiency of microbial fuel cells.

Hydrogen is the most commonly used element in fuel cells. It acts as the fuel source that reacts with oxygen to produce electricity, with water and heat as byproducts.

In a fuel cell, when hydrogen gas is supplied to the anode, the hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons. The electrons travel through an external circuit to the cathode, creating an electric current. At the cathode, oxygen molecules combine with protons and electrons to form water. So, electrons play a key role in generating electricity in a fuel cell.

Hydrogen fuel cells produce electricity by combining hydrogen and oxygen in an electrochemical process. When hydrogen is fed into the anode and oxygen into the cathode, a chemical reaction occurs, producing electricity, water, and heat as byproducts. This clean and efficient process makes hydrogen fuel cells a promising technology for powering vehicles and other applications.

water vapor, which makes it a clean and environmentally friendly power source.

The fuel cell will generate about 1 gallon of waste water. The reaction of hydrogen combining with oxygen in the fuel cell produces water as a byproduct. Since the hydrogen generated from electrolyzing 1 gallon of water would similarly combine with oxygen in the fuel cell to produce water, the amount of waste water will be approximately equal to the original volume of water electrolyzed.

When an organism respires it produces electrons which are normally passed to a terminal electron acceptor. For many organisms this is oxygen. In environments where there is no oxygen, such as in sediments and in soils, organisms use different terminal electron acceptors. Common alternatives are Nitrate and Sulphate but some bacteria are known to use solid compounds as a terminal electron acceptor. There are some species of bacteria that can use iron as a terminal electron acceptor.

The ability of some bacteria to reduce (that means give electrons to) iron in sediments is exploited in Microbial Fuel Cells. The microbes (bacteria) reduce an electrode (called the anode) by using it as a terminal electron acceptor as they metabolise (eat) high energy compounds such as sugars. By linking the anode to another electrode (called the cathode) you can make a circuit that electrons can flow through. Just imagine it like a battery, the anode is the negative terminal and the cathode is the positive terminal and the electrons come from the sugar, pass through the bacteria (giving it energy on the way) and are then passed to the anode.

The only byproduct of fuel cells is water. When hydrogen is used as fuel, it reacts with oxygen in the air to produce electricity, heat, and water vapor as the only emission.

The waste byproducts of hydrogen fuel cells are heat and water vapor. When hydrogen is converted into electricity in a fuel cell through a chemical reaction with oxygen, these are the only emissions produced, making fuel cells a clean and efficient energy source.

The waste byproducts of hydrogen fuel cells are typically heat and water vapor. As the hydrogen gas is converted into electricity, the only emission produced is water, making fuel cells a clean energy source.

In a fuel cell, hydrogen gas is typically fed to the anode where it is split into protons and electrons through a process called electrolysis. The proton passes through a membrane to the cathode, while the electrons are forced to flow through an external circuit, creating an electrical current. At the cathode, the protons, electrons, and oxygen from the air combine to produce water as the only byproduct.

Hydrogen gas typically combines with oxygen in fuel cells to produce water, in a process that generates electricity.

A hydrogen combustion engine is like the engine in your car. Hydrogen and oxygen enter a combustion chamber, ignite, and form a ball of hot vapour (steam) which moves a piston that rotates a crankshaft. Alternately a hydrogen combustion engine could be a rocket or jet engine where the burning fuel exhausts the combustion chamber as vapour (steam again) and impacts a forward motion to the engine by the mass discharge.

A fuel hydrogen cell is more like a battery. Hydrogen and oxygen react in a catalyst matrix that allows the process to continue at a fixed rate. Like most chemical reactions this involves the movement of electrons to create positive and negative reactant ions. The flow of electrons is conducted to an electrical system as power. Water is still the byproduct.

Stanley Meyer claimed to have invented the water fuel cell in the late 20th century in Grove City, Ohio, USA. Meyer showcased his invention publicly and believed it could revolutionize the energy industry by using water as a clean and abundant fuel source. However, the scientific community widely discredited his claims due to a lack of evidence and failed to replicate his technology.