Mountains

Block mountains are formed through the uplifting of a large block of crust along normal faults. The crust is subjected to tensional stress which causes it to break and lift up in a series of fault blocks. This creates a mountain range with steep sides and a flat top.

Earth's second highest mountain is K2, also known as Mount Godwin-Austen, located in the Karakoram Range on the China-Pakistan border. It stands at an elevation of 8,611 meters (28,251 feet) above sea level.

The oldest mountains are believed to be the Barberton Mountains in South Africa, which date back over 3.5 billion years. These mountains have been shaped by tectonic forces and erosion over billions of years, making them some of the most ancient geological features on Earth.

The downwind side of a mountain is known as the leeward side of the mountain. This is where deserts and steppes begin to form due to the rain shadow.

Fold mountains form through the process of compression. This occurs when tectonic plates collide, causing rock layers to be pushed together and folded upward, forming large mountain ranges. Examples include the Himalayas and the Alps.

The downwind side of a mountain is called the leeward side. Another name for this side of the mountain is known as the rain shadow.

Mountains tend to have lower temperatures because the higher elevation results in less air pressure and thinner air, which leads to lower temperatures. Additionally, the altitude allows for quicker dissipation of heat as the air is thinner, contributing to cooler temperatures at higher elevations.

To reduce the effects of future eruptions like the one at Mount Pelée, people can establish hazard zones for evacuation, monitor volcanic activity, and provide education and resources for communities living near active volcanoes. Building structures resistant to volcanic hazards and developing early warning systems can also help mitigate the impact of future eruptions.

Mountains change shape over time due to natural processes like erosion, weathering, tectonic plate movement, and volcanic activity. These forces can cause the gradual wearing down and reshaping of mountain peaks and slopes, leading to changes in their appearance and structure over long periods of time.

There are no active volcanoes in Britain. Scafell Pike is the highest mountain in England.

Mount Bromo typically produces andesitic magma, which is intermediate in composition between basaltic and rhyolitic magma. Andesitic magma is known for its moderate silica content, resulting in eruptions that can be relatively explosive.

Seashells on Mt. Everest are evidence of the Earth's tectonic plates shifting over millions of years. The movement of these plates can raise ancient seabeds to become mountain ranges, carrying fossils and seashells along with them. This process, called uplift, explains how marine fossils can be found on the world's highest peaks.

• Erosion resulting from rain and wind
• Flooding which may cause landslides and mudslides
• Earthquakes
• Continental drift
• Volcanic eruptions (where applicable)
• Mining activities
• Other environmental and climatic factors

The pressure of the weight of earth on subterranean water deposits forces water up through mountain rock fissures (cracks) and can open up onto high altitude surfaces producing what we call a 'spring'. It is not uncommon to find springs at 6,500ft elevation on a high mountain ridge with no other mountains around, and lakes visible far below. -Pete, in Tacoma WA USA

No oceanic coastline Absence of volcanic activity

It is not along an ocean coastline.

There are no volcanoes.

Granite is primarily formed by the cooling and solidification of molten rock deep within the Earth's crust, not the core. It is a common rock type found in many mountain ranges due to the uplift and erosion of the Earth's crust exposing these once buried rocks.

Yes, Mauna Kea is a dormant volcano located on the Big Island of Hawaii, and it is considered the tallest mountain in the world when measured from its base on the ocean floor to its summit.

Mount Shasta is a volcanic mountain in California.

Mountains are formed when 2 continental plates continents collide, thus deforming the surface and pushing it further up. They usually stop forming when the plates are fully sutured together. They are then destroyed by erosion overtime, as was the case with the Grenville Orogeny in Canada. If a mountain still exists, it means that the mountains are still forming, or have not fully eroded yet.

The Eurasian range refers to the geographical area that spans from Europe and Asia. This vast region encompasses a diverse array of landscapes, cultures, and ecosystems, making it one of the most varied and expansive regions in the world.

The Ethiopian plateau is a highland region characterized by its elevated flat topography rather than being a mountain itself. It is a broad, elevated, and relatively flat area of land, with an average elevation ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 meters above sea level. It is often referred to as an extensive plateau rather than a single mountain peak.

Older mountains are typically smaller than younger mountains because over time, erosion processes wear down the initial larger mountain peaks, making them less prominent. Weathering, erosion, and tectonic activity can all contribute to the gradual reduction in size of older mountains compared to newly formed ones.

A rift valley mountain range is formed when tension causes large blocks of crust to drop down. This type of mountain range typically has steep fault scarps along the edges of the blocks that have dropped down. An example of this type of mountain range is the East African Rift.

Large bodies of water can moderate temperatures by absorbing and releasing heat slowly, leading to milder climates with less temperature variation. Mountains can block precipitation, causing one side to be wetter (windward side) and the other side to be drier (leeward side), creating different climate patterns known as orographic rainfall. Additionally, mountains can also create temperature variations with elevation, leading to different climate zones on different slopes.