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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an Islamic empire that, at its height, ruled most of modern day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. It lasted from 1526 to 1857.
1,601 Questions
What were the qualities of Nur Jahan?
Nur Jahan wAs one of the most enigmatic and interesting women in Indian history. She was indeed a consummate manipulator of people, and she did this with effortless ease. Sorry if thats less but it was all i knew. Hope it helps!! :P :) :0 0_o :s
What were the weaknesses of Babur?
Full name - Zahir-ud-din Mohammad Babur
Born - 41 February 1483 in Andijan, Central Asia
Died - 26 December 130, of fever, aged 47, in Agra, India. Buried 9 years later, as per his wishes, in a garden in Kabul. His sister Khanzada and son Hindal also buried on the same garden terrace.
Accession to power - 11 years old when he inherited Ferghana.
Length of rule in India - 4 years [1526 - 1530].
Ethnic Stock - Turko Mongol prince from Ferghana, a small kingdom east of Samarkand. Descended from Timur on father's side and from Genghis Khan on his mother's.
Father - Umar Shaikh, ruler of Ferghana. Died in 1497 when Babar was 11 years old.
Mother tongue - Chaghatai Turkish.
Siblings - sister Khanzada, half-brother Jahangir
Children - Four sons : Humayun b 1508; Kamran b 1509; Askari b 1516; and Hindal b 1519; daughter Gulbadan
Strengths - a great soldier and a prolific writer
Passions - gardening and writing. Created many gardens - his favourite on a hillside in Kabul where his body was brought back to be buried Composed verses in Persian. Wrote his memoirs - Babarnamah - in his mother tongue. Grandson Akbar had them translated into Persian and illustrated. These manuscripts were probably lost in the looting of Delhi by Nadir Shah in 1739. A naturalist too. Book lover - set up a family library.
Arrival in India - April 1526. Defeated Ibrahim Lodhi at the Battle of Panipat, marched towards Delhi and declared himself Padshah of India.
Victory due to - superior cavalry tactics and moveable artillery. Babar's troops numbered only 12,000 compared to Ibrahim Lodhi's 100,000 - but Babar's strongest assets were his two Persian gunners who were skilled in the art of cannons - a piece of artillery unknown in the sub-continent at the time. The noise of the cannons terrified Ibrahim's elephants - and the rest, as they say, is history!
Military Campaigns - defeated Rajput Confederacy led by Rana Sanga - in 1527. Defeated joint forces of Afghans and Sultan of Bengal in 1529.
Character traits - modest, simple, religious, tolerant towards non-muslims
As a ruler - liberal. He believed that " defeated enemies must be conciliated, not antagonised if they are to be ruled effectively" and that " one's own followers must be prevented by discipline from victimising local population."
Weaknesses - Not an administrator. Was a hard drinker but said to have given up wine 2 days before the battle with the Rajputs, to obtain God's favours.
Inherited - small kingdom of Ferghana
Extent of Kingdom at death - Consolidated and enlarged his conquered territory. His Empire in 1530 included Afghanistan, Kashmir, Punjab, Bihar and Malwa.
What were Aurangzeb's motives and beliefs?
his motives and beliefs were that he was ambitious , self-disciplined and deeply religious
Why did Akbar introduce a new religion?
Akbar announced his Din-e-illahi a new religion containing elements of both Islam and Hinduism because Akbar knew that his empire contained large number of non Muslims and he wanted to have religious toleration to keep peace.
When did sher shah appear 1st against humayun?
Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun in the Battle of Chausa in 1539. In 1540, he again defeated Humayun in the Battle of Kannauj and became the Emperor of India.
What were the achievements of Babur?
The achievements of Babur can be stated as follows:
- Babur established the Mughal dynasty in India by defeating Ibrahim Lodi, the last Delhi Sultan, bringing an end to the Delhi Sultanate, in the 1st Battle of Panipath in 1526 AD.
- In 1527 AD, Babur defeated the Rajput confederacy formed by Rana Sangram Singh of Mewar along with a number of Rajput kingdoms like Marwar, Gwalior, Ajmeer, Ambar, etc. under the leadership of Mahmud Lodi, the brother of Ibrahim Lodi, in the Battle of Khanua.
- In 1529 AD, Babur defeated the Eastern Afghans i.e. of Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Orissa, etc., who has formed a powerful alliance with Mahmud Lodi, in the Battle of Gogra. It temporarily weakened the anti-Babur strategies and saved the fledgling Mughal reign.
- Due to the conquests of Babur, the Mughal empire extended from Kabul in the west to Gogra in the east, from the Himalayas in the north to Gwalior in the south.
- Babur was a great patron of cultural activities, and welcomed poets, authors and littérateurs at his court. He was adept in Arabic, Turkish and Persian, and his autobiography, Tuzuk-i-Baburi, occupies a glorious place in not only the Turkish literature but also in world history.
However, as Babur spent the majority of his short 4 year reign in military conquests, he was unable to bring reforms or revolutions in administrative, judicial and financial fields.
The rule of Akbar the great is important because he?
accepted diversity and practiced religious toleration
How did trade with European power affect the Mughal empire during the 17th century?
During the 17th century, trade with European powers significantly impacted the Mughal Empire by enhancing its wealth and cultural exchange. European merchants, particularly the Portuguese, Dutch, and British, sought valuable commodities such as spices, textiles, and precious stones, leading to increased revenue for the Mughal treasury. However, this interaction also initiated competition among European powers and contributed to political instability within the empire, as they sought to expand their influence and control over trade routes. Ultimately, while trade enriched the empire, it also foreshadowed challenges that would arise from European colonial ambitions.
Who succeeded Shah Jahan and when?
His third son Aurangzeb succeeded Shah Jahan in 1658, while he was still alive. Shah Jahan was confined until his death in 1666.
In the 1600s India's empheror shan jahan built this tomb that has an onion-shaped dome?
In the 1600s, Emperor Shah Jahan commissioned the construction of the Taj Mahal, a stunning mausoleum located in Agra, India. This iconic structure is renowned for its magnificent onion-shaped dome and intricate architectural details, symbolizing love and beauty. It was built in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, and is celebrated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a masterpiece of Mughal architecture.
When did Babur's parents died?
Babur's father, Umar Sheikh Mirza, died in 1494 when Babur was just 12 years old. His mother, Qutlugh Nigar Khanum, passed away shortly after, in 1496. These early losses significantly impacted Babur's life and his eventual rise to power as the founder of the Mughal Empire.
What were some of Akbar social reforms?
Akbar, the Mughal emperor, implemented various social reforms to promote harmony and tolerance among diverse communities in his empire. Some of these reforms included abolishing the jizya tax on non-Muslims, discouraging sati (ritual burning of widows), and promoting a policy of religious tolerance through discussions with different religious scholars. He also established a new religion, Din-i Ilahi, which sought to blend elements of various faiths into a unifying belief system.
The death of the last Mughal emperor, Aurangzeb, in 1707 marked the beginning of the decline of Mughal authority, leading to political fragmentation and instability in India. This vacuum allowed the British East India Company to expand its influence through strategic alliances and military conquests. The Company capitalized on regional conflicts and the weakened state of local rulers to consolidate power, establishing a foothold that eventually led to British dominance in India. By exploiting divisions among Indian states, the British were able to strengthen their presence and control over vast territories.
What is Accomplishments akbar?
Akbar, the third Mughal emperor of India, is renowned for his significant accomplishments in various areas. He implemented a centralized administration, promoted cultural integration by fostering religious tolerance, and encouraged art and literature, leading to a flourishing of Mughal culture. His policies, such as the Din-i Ilahi, aimed at unifying the diverse religious population of his empire, while his military campaigns expanded Mughal territory significantly. Akbar's legacy is marked by his efforts to create a harmonious society and a strong, prosperous empire.
What was one major effect of the Mughal empire and trade policy in the 1700s?
One major effect of the Mughal Empire's trade policy in the 1700s was the increased integration of India into global trade networks, particularly with European powers. The empire's policies facilitated the export of valuable commodities like spices, textiles, and precious stones, which attracted European merchants and led to the establishment of trading companies, such as the British East India Company. This influx of trade not only boosted the Mughal economy but also set the stage for increased foreign influence and eventual colonial domination in India.
What country did the Mughal empire occupy?
The Mughal empire occupied much of what is now India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
What were achievements of Jahangir?
The achievements of Jahangir is
1.He fought with his brother Daniyal and defeated the sultans
2.he gain more money for mughal
When Which term describes Akbar who married a Hindu princess?
The term that describes Akbar, who married a Hindu princess, is "Din-i Ilahi," which reflects his policy of religious tolerance and syncretism. Akbar sought to integrate various religious traditions, promoting harmony between Hindus and Muslims during his reign. His marriage to a Hindu princess was a strategic move to foster alliances and exemplified his broader efforts to unify his diverse empire.
