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Nebulae

A nebula refers to an interstellar cloud of dust, helium gas, hydrogen gas, and other ionized gases in outer space. There are several types of nebulae categorized according to how they were formed.

410 Questions

Are planetary nebulae surrounded by planets?

No, the term planetary nebula is very misleading and it has nothing to do with planets.

A Planetary Nebula forms when stars up to 8 times the mass of our sun reach the end of their lifes (so our sun will form one). Stars heavier than 8 times our sun explode when they die.

After several billion (10 for our Sun) years fusing hydrogen, the star runs out of hydrogen, and there is no longer enough energy flowing out from the core to support the outer layers of the star. The core is thus compressed and heats up. Currently the sun's core has a temperature of approximately 15 million K, but when it runs out of hydrogen, the compression of the core will cause the temperature to rise to about 100 million K. When this happens, the outer layers of the star expand enormously because of the very high temperature of the core, and become much cooler. The core continues to contract and heat up, and when its temperature reaches 100 million K, helium nuclei begin to fuse into carbon and oxygen. The resumption of fusion reactions stops the core's contraction. Helium burning soon forms an inert core of carbon and oxygen, with both a helium-burning shell and a hydrogen-burning shell surrounding it. In this last stage the star will observationally be a red giant.

Helium fusion reactions are extremely temperature sensitive and this means that just a 2% rise in temperature more than doubles the reaction rate. This makes the star very unstable - a small rise in temperature leads to a rapid rise in reaction rates, which releases a lot of energy, increasing the temperature further. The helium-burning layer rapidly expands and therefore cools, which reduces the reaction rate again. Huge pulsations build up, which eventually become large enough to throw off the whole stellar atmosphere into space. The ejected gases form a cloud of material around the now-exposed core of the star. As more and more of the atmosphere moves away from the star, deeper and deeper layers at higher and higher temperatures are exposed. When the exposed surface reaches a temperature of about 30,000K, there are enough ultraviolet photons being emitted to ionize the ejected atmosphere, making it glow. This glowing cloud is a planetary nebula. [Note there may have been planets orbiting the star, the innermost of these will have been destroyed in the reg giant phase but outer planets may still continue to orbit the dying star but these have nothing to do with the planetary nebular].

How do you say nebulae?

Nebulae is pronounced "neb-yuh-lee."

Where do nebulae come from?

Nebulae are vast clouds of gas and dust in space, primarily made up of hydrogen and helium. They are formed through the gravitational collapse of gas clouds, often triggered by the explosion of massive stars (supernovae) or by the gravitational interactions between galaxies. As these clouds condense and contract, they can eventually give birth to new stars and planetary systems.

Who proposed the nebular theory?

The nebular theory was proposed by Immanuel Kant and independently by Pierre-Simon Laplace in the 18th century. They suggested that the solar system originated from a rotating cloud of gas and dust called a nebula.

Why are nebulae so important?

Nebulae are important because they are the birthplaces of stars and planets in the universe. They contribute to the process of stellar evolution and play a crucial role in enriching the cosmos with elements necessary for life. Studying nebulae helps scientists understand the fundamental processes that shape galaxies and the universe at large.

What are NEBULAE made out of?

Nebulae are made primarily of gas and dust in space. The gas is mostly hydrogen and helium, while the dust consists of various elements such as carbon, oxygen, and metals. These materials are the building blocks for new stars and planetary systems within the nebula.

What do nebulae have to do with the life cycle of a star?

Nebulae are clouds of gas and dust in space where stars are born. When a star exhausts its nuclear fuel and dies, it can create a nebula known as a planetary nebula or a supernova remnant. These nebulae recycle the materials from the dead star back into space, where they can be used to form new stars and planets.

What is difference between dark nebulae and bright nebulae?

Bright nebula are clouds of gas and dust that shine by reflected starlight. Dark nebula are clouds of dust and colder gas that can be seen by their silhouette against brighter objects behind them in the line of sight.

How do you get to zargon 5?

Zargon 5 is a fictional location in some role-playing games and may not have a specific way to "get to" it in a traditional sense. Typically, players would need to follow the storyline or quest assigned in the game to reach Zargon 5. Be sure to carefully read any in-game instructions or walkthroughs to help progress towards reaching Zargon 5.

What is an emission nebula?

An emission nebula is a type of nebula that glows and emits light due to the ionization of gases by nearby stars. These nebulae typically have a reddish hue from hydrogen gas and can be found in regions of active star formation. They are often characterized by their intricate and colorful shapes, such as the famous Orion Nebula.

What come after a nebula?

After a nebula, the next stage in the life cycle of a star is usually a protostar, where gravity causes the gas and dust within the nebula to begin collapsing and forming a dense core. Following this stage, the protostar may evolve into a main sequence star, where nuclear fusion begins in its core and it enters a stable period of energy production.

What are the names of two nebulae?

The names of two nebulae are the Orion Nebula and the Crab Nebula.

What is nebulae composed of?

Nebulae are composed mainly of dust, gases, and plasma (ionized particles). The specific composition can vary depending on the type of nebula, but common elements found in nebulae include hydrogen, helium, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. These elements are the building blocks for stars and planets.

What is the difference between reflection nebulae and emission nebulae?

A nebula is a region of interstellar gas and dust. Emission nebulae are clouds of ionized gas that allow red, blue, and violet light through. Generally, these nebulae appear reddish.

Reflection nebulae are clouds of dust that simply reflect light from nearby stars. The dust particles of reflection nebulae usually only scatter blue light, so the appearance is blue.

Other types of nebulae don't reflect light. Dark nebulae such as the Horsehead Nebula are so dense that they block light from other sources, such as background emission nebulae, reflection nebulae, or other stars.

What are the stages of the Nebular theory?

The stages of the Nebular theory are: 1. Nebula formation - a giant molecular cloud collapses under its own gravity. 2. Disk formation - the nebula flattens into a spinning disk due to conservation of angular momentum. 3. Planetesimal formation - small particles in the disk collide and stick together to form planetesimals. 4. Planet formation - these planetesimals continue to collide and merge to form planets.

Can you see nebulae with a naked eye?

It is generally not possible to see nebulae with the naked eye due to their low surface brightness. Most are best viewed with telescopes or binoculars, as these tools can gather more light and help in distinguishing the faint details of nebulae.

What do astronomers believe are 'born' in nebulae?

Astronomers believe that stars, planets, and other celestial objects are 'born' in nebulae. Nebulae are vast clouds of gas and dust in space that can eventually collapse under their own gravity to form new celestial bodies. This process of stellar birth is essential for the formation and evolution of galaxies.

Is a nebulae where a star is born?

Yes, a nebula is a cloud of gas and dust in outer space where new stars are born. As the gas and dust in a nebula begin to collapse under gravity, the material can eventually become dense enough to form a new star. These regions are known as stellar nurseries.

How does a nebulae forms?

There are several stages involved in the making of a planetary nebula. Take the sun for example, which is of course a star. Eventually the sun will run out of "fuel" (hydrogen) and grow to a red giant, and then when it's completely out "fuel" the sun will loose it's blown up outter layers and that layer will form a ring of gas around the remaining star. After that it will just be a white dwarf left, doomed to a slow death!

Now, this was a long story short. But I think you can read more about it on some other sites!

How are nebulae formed?

Nebulae are formed when clouds of gas and dust in space collapse under their own gravity. As the cloud collapses, it can trigger the formation of new stars. The gas and dust that remain are illuminated by the newly formed stars, creating the colorful and intricate structures that we see in nebulae.

Who is nebula?

Von Nebula or Von Ness was once a hero in a factory. Usually one of Preston Stomer's first member in the Alpha Team. He and Preston was signed on a mission to capture an attacking drone. Once this happened he let Preston Stormer get the hit and he was badly injured. When Thresher arrived the drone gone critical attacking him with every shot. He inventually was killed during that battle. Now he blames Preston Stormer to be in the way of everything including the battle. Now Von Nebula has evolved into a super mechanical villain leading a large group of henchbots. Explode, Rotor, Vapour, Corroder, Thunder, and Meltdown. Von nebula is filled with hatred of Preston Stormer and he is armed with spiky armer triceps and carries his Nebula Staff which can produces black holes in an instant.

Name the different types of nebulae?

The different types of nebulae include emission nebulae, reflection nebulae, and dark nebulae. Emission nebulae are clouds of gas and dust that emit light, reflection nebulae reflect light from nearby stars, and dark nebulae are dense clouds of dust that block the light from behind them.

Can there be lightning in space?

no there can not be lightning in space cause theres nothing for it to hit when it strikesAnswer #2: Yes, lightning can happen in space. However, it will not be like planet-based lightning. Astronomers have found discharges of extremely high current in various parts of space with currents millions of times that of lightning found on Earth and "bolts" sizing in the dozens of parsecs in length formed by the discharge of a black hole's electromagnetic field.

Additionally, lightning happens inside nebulae due to stars ionizing the gas in the nebula (Which incidentally causes the colorization). Gamma ray bursts can also cause large discharges.

What begins as a nebula?

Stars, planets, solar systems, many objects in space can start as a large unstructured nebula of gas and dust, which can coalesce into massive objects under gravitational influence.