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Philippines
The Philippines is a country in Southeast Asia that comprises more than 7,000 islands and has a population of 92 million.
15,897 Questions
Why does people tend to leave the Philippines for other countries?
People in the Philippines often leave the country to seek better job opportunities, higher wages, and improved quality of life in other countries. This is driven by factors such as economic instability, lack of job prospects, and the desire for a better future for themselves and their families. Additionally, overseas employment programs and globalization have made it easier for Filipinos to work abroad.
Why the early filipino revolts fail?
FILIPINO HISTORY, CULTURE AND HERITAGE
EMERGENCE OF THE FILIPINO PEOPLE:
Philippine history has often been described as an amalgam of regional developments and outside influences. Excavations in archeological sites have proven that during prehistoric times, the native Negritos came in contact with Malays and Indonesians who left their ancestral home in Southeast Asia by crossing the seas in their sailboats (balangay), and settled the Philippine archipelago. Inter-racial marriages took place among them and out of these racial mixtures emerged the Filipino people.The early Filipino Malay ancestors brought with them their culture--food and drinks, community life, government and laws, language and literature, religion, customs and traditions and arts and sciences. They left their cultures to their descendants, as the Filipino Malayan inheritance.In the course of the centuries, long before the Spaniards colonized the Philippines in the 16th century; the native Filipinos came in contact (by commerce) with Hindus from India, the Chinese and the Arabs whose civilizations were much older and more advanced than those of Spain and other Western countries. As a result of these early contacts with these great Asian people, the Filipino native culture and way of life (Malayan Heritage) were enriched.The cultural influences of both India and Arabia came indirectly to Philippine shores through Malaysia, while the Chinese cultural influence came direct from China.In subsequent years, the Filipinos intermarried, not only with the Indians, Chinese and Arabians, but also with the Spaniards, the Americans, the Japanese, the British, the French, the Germans, and other peoples of the world. Today, it may be said that the bloods of the East and the West meet and blend in Filipino veins.It must be noted that during the first two and a half centuries (1565-1828) Spain ruled the country through Mexico. The viceroy of Mexico governed the country in the name of the Spanish king. During this period the famous Manila-Acapulco trade existed. And many Mexicans--colonial officials, missionaries, soldiers, and traders--came to the Philippines. They introduced plants and animals, industries, songs and dances, customs and traditions into the country. Moreover, many of them married Filipino women. So it came to pass that Filipino acquired a Mexican heritage.After 333 years of Spanish rule, the Americans conquered the country and like Spain, America imposed her culture upon the people. During four decades of U.S. rule (1898-1935), the people acquired the American heritage which included democracy, popular education, the English language and Protestant Christianity.Beneath the veneer of Hispanic, Mexican and American heritage, the people, in heart and in spirit, are Asians. they are Asian in race and in geography with an indestructible Asian heritage.The warmth and natural hospitality of the nation's 66,000,000 Filipinos today, is known throughout the world. The 11 cultural, linguistic and racial groups endow the Filipino people with varying customs and traditions. In spite of their diversity, Filipinos have basically two dominant traits: a love of family and a strong religious faith.SUMMARY OF FILIPINO RACIAL ANCESTRY:Filipinos came from a mixture of Asian, European, and American peoples--the Negritos, Indonesians, Malays, Chinese, Indians, Arabs and other Asians; The Spaniards, British and other Europeans; the Mexicans and Americans of South and North America.According to Dr. H. Otley Beyer, noted American anthropologist, the racial ancestry of Filipinos is as follows: Malay - 40%; Indonesian - 30%; Chinese - 10%, Indian (Hindu) - 5%, European & American - 3%, and Arab - 2%.HISTORY AND GOVERNMENTCenturies before the Spaniards came to the Philippines, the early Filipinos lived in separate and independent village-states called barangays. Each barangay had its own government headed by a ruler called datu or raha. The early Filipinos were already civilized. They had government and laws, education, writing and literature, religion, customs and traditions, commerce and industries and arts and sciences.Each barangay consisted of about 100 families. Some barangays were big, such as Sugbo (Cebu), Maktan (Mactan), Bigan (Vigan), and Maynila (Manila). Each of these big barangays had a population of more than 2,000.The datu, hari or raha was, in time of peace, the chief executive, legislator, and judge. In time of war, he was the commander of the barangay warriors.The datu usually obtained his title by inheritance. When the datu died, his son inherited the datuship. If a datu died childless, the barangay chose a man to be datu on the basis of his wisdom, physical strength, or wealth.There was no national government in ancient Philippines. There were many independent barangays and many datus. But there was no datu strong enough to unite the archipelago into one nation. Some barangays, however, united to form a confederation. A good example was the "Confederation of Madya-as" in ancient Panay.The existence of many islands affects the life and history of the Filipino people. First of all, these islands and seas serve as geographical barriers which prevent close contact and communication among the inhabitants. Thus the ancient Filipino who migrated in ancient times from the mainland of Malaysia and from Java, Sumatra, Borneo and other southeast Asian islands were not able to unite into a solid nation. They divided into tribes which developed different dialects and different customs.Aside from fostering ethnic and cultural disunity, the archipelagic topography prevented the early Filipinos from developing a national government and a national language. As history shows, the Spanish conquered the country, which was then divided into many independent barangays ruled by datus.LAWS:The early Filipinos had both oral and written laws. The oral laws were the customs (ugali) of the racel, which were handed down orally from generation to generation. The legendary lawgiver was a woman named Lubluban, the great granddaughter of the first man and the first woman in the world.The written laws were promulgated by the datus with the help of the elders and were put into writing. These written laws were announced to the people by a barangay crier known as umalahokan.An example of these ancient written laws was the famous Code of Ralantiaw, (1433), which was written by Kalantiaw, third chief of Panay.The ancient laws covered many subjects such as property rights, inheritance, adoption, divorce, loans, partnerships and contracts and crimes. In the Kalantiwa Code, insult, murder, arson, sacrilege and sorcery were punishable by death, slavery, or heavy fines. Singing at night when people were sleeping, cheating in business transactions, and other minor crimes were punished with exposure to ants, swimming continuously for hours, flogging or fines.EMERGENCE OF THE PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC:In March 16, 1521, the Spaniards conquered and colonized the Philippines, except Mindanao and Sulu inhabited by Filipino Muslims (Moros) and the interior regions occupied by Pagan tribes (now called cultural minorities).For 333 years (1565-1898) the country was ruled by Spain, who imposed her rule and the Hispanic culture over the people. During this long period of Spanish rule the oppressed people rose in more than 100 revolts and rebellions to regain their lost freedom. These armed uprisings failed for lack of unity and national leaders. For a brief interlude (1896-1901) the people under General Emilio Aguinaldo's leadership succeeded in gaining their independence and establishing the First Philippine Republic, (June 12, 1896).The Philippine Revolution of 1896 where heroes and martyrs shed their blood rallying the people against the Spaniards was short-lived. Spain's defeat in the Spanish-American War led to the American colonization of the islands. By force of superior arms, the Americans destroyed the First Republic, established by General Aguinaldo, in 1901 and imposed their rule and culture on the people for 4 years. After training the people in the art of democratic government, the U.S. Congress enacted the Tydings-MacDuffie Law of 1934 which provided for the granting of Philippine independence on .July 4, 1946, after a ten-year of preparation for it. Accordingly, the Philippine Constitution was drafted in 1935 and the commonwealth of the Philippines was inaugurated on November 15, 1935.Before 1946, the raging World War II in Europe unfortunately spread to Asia. On December 8, 1941; Japan invaded the country and occupied it. Much against the people's will she established the puppet Second Republic on October 14, 1943. The .Japanese Occupation took place from 1942 to 1945. Fortunately, the Allied troops under General Douglas MacArthur returned to the country in October, 1944, liberated the country and restored the Philippine Commonwealth.Finally, on July 4, 1946, the Republic (Third Philippine Republic) was inaugurated. America kept her promise to recognize Philippine Independence. A traumatic interlude in history was the martial law imposed by President Marcos on the country on September 21, 1972. He lifted it on January 17, 1981, shortly after which the 1973 Constitution was radically amended creating the New Republic (Fourth Philippine Republic), with Ferdinand E. Marcos as President.Then President Marcos' political opponent, former Senator Benigno Aquino was killed, as he stepped from the plane at the Manila International Airport, the people grew restive. On February 7, 1986, President Marcos called for an election in which he was declared winner, but his opponent Corazon Aquino, the widow of Benigno Aquino, called the election fraudulent and with the backing of the Catholic Church and "People Power" was sworn into office as President of the Philippines on February 25, 1986. The unprecedented presidential inauguration was the culmination of the historic People Power Revolution which deposed incumbent President Marcos and sent him into exile in Hawaii. President Aquino restored a constitutional democracy in the Philippines.President Fidel v. Ramos, successor of President Aquino, was inaugurated into office in June 1992. Today, President Ramos is faced with the challenge of setting up the conditions for achieving sustainable growth for the Philippine economy.THE FILIPINO PEOPLE, CULTURE AND HERITAGETHE FILIPINO CHARACTERIt may be said that the Filipinos are intelligent, with retentive memory, quick perception, and talents for art and science. They also are gentle, friend]y, and cheerful people, noted for their courtesy and hospitality.Filipinos are famous not only for their warm hospitality, but also for their close family ties. The parents work hard and sacrifice much for their children; in return, the children love and respect them and take good care of them in their old age.Filipinos owing to their beautiful country, are passionately romantic. They are ardent in love as they are fierce in battle. They are born poets, musicians and artists.Filipinos are a liberty-loving and brave people. They valiantly resisted the Spanish, American and Japanese invaders of their native land. They rank among the bravest people of the world. Filipino courage has been proven in the Battle of Mactan (1521), in the Battle of Tirad Pass (1899), in the battle of Bataan, Corregidor, Bessang Pass during World War II, and in many other battlefields.Gratitude is another sterling trait of the Filipinos. They are grateful to those who have granted them favors or who are good to them. Their high sense of gratitude is expressed in the phrase Utang na loob (debt of honor).Filipinos are cooperative. They value the virtue of helping each other and other people. They cherish the ancestral trait of bayanihan, which means cooperation. In rural areas, when a man is building, repairing or transferring a house to another place, the neighbors come to help him.Foreign writers assert that the Filipinos are indolent. In reality they work hard in the face of very adverse conditions. They work on the farms from sunrise to sunset, though not from noon to 3 p.m. due to the scorching heat. They work hard in the sugarcane and pineapple plantations in Hawaii, the fruit orchards of California, the fish canneries of Alaska, and in the oil wells of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and other Arab countries of the Middle East.Finally, the Filipinos are noted for their durability and resiliency. Through the ages they have met all kinds of calamities--revolts, revolutions, wars, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, typhoons and epidemics. Unlike the Polynesians of Oceania and the Indians of North Central and South Americas, they did not vanish by contact with the white race. They can assimilate any civilization and thrive in any climate. Against the adversities of life or nature, they merely bend, but never break. They possess the formidable durability of the narra tree and the resiliency of the bamboo.POPULATION:As of 1994 the Philippine population is 68 million people. Government has a family planning and control program but because the Filipinos love children and large families, there is a problem of convincing the people to limit the size of their families.Other important and urgent problems today are 1) developing and conserving the natural resources; 2) the number of young people; and 3) migration. Most of the population is young. Young people depend on those who are older to care for them (food, clothing, education, etc.). After the young finish their education, they need good jobs and when they marry and have children of their own, the cycle continues.Another important feature of the population is migration. Previously, the country was an immigrant destination of people from Asia, Europe and the New World. Recently, however, the trend had been reversed, and many Filipinos have migrated to other countries to seek better opportunities there. The Middle East has attracted Filipinos as temporary workers; the U.S., Canada and Australia have large expatriate Filipino communities. The country is losing many of its professionals, skilled and semi-skilled workers, hence the term "Brain Drain".SOCIAL CLASSES:There are three social classes in the country based on income of the national wealth. They are: 1) the rich-members of the rich class, representing 10% of the population. They own or earn about 90% of the wealth of the country. They are the wealthy industrialists, with big corporations, the owners of large haciendas or plantations, and the "new rich" who are honest, enterprising and hard-working people who invested their money wisely. The latter, however, include also the dishonest politicians and businessmen and others who acquire their fabulous fortune in government contracting, smuggling and other fraudulent means. 2)the middle class about 20% of the population, who are the professionals (doctors, lawyers, teachers, accountants, etc.) skilled or semi-skilled workers in offices, factories or farms. They are the backbone of the nation. 3) the lower or poor class - who comprise about 70% of the population, but who earn only enough income to provide for their basic needs (food, rented homes, simple clothing). Often they cannot earn enough to provide for emergencies of future needs. The problem of every Philippine administration is to narrow the gap between the very rich and the very poor and to broaden the middle class.EDUCATIONPhilippine education is patterned after the American system, with English as the medium of instruction. Schools are classified into public (government) or private (non-government).The general pattern of formal education follows four stages: 1) Pre-Primary Level (Nursery and kindergarten) offered in most private schools; 2) Six years of Primary education followed by 3) Four years of Secondary education; and 4) College education which usually takes four years, sometimes, five and in some cases as in medical and law schools, as long as eight years. Graduate schooling is an additional two or more years.Classes in Philippine schools start in June and end in March. Colleges and Universities follow the semester calendar from June-October and November-March.There are over 200 private and public colleges and universities, such as the University of the Philippines, University of Santo Tomas, Ateneo de Manila University, Silliman University and University of San Carlos. The Asian Institute of Management, a graduate school of business, offers high quality management education specifically designed to meet Asian needs.The oldest university in the Philippines is the University of San Carlos in Cebu City founded in 1559. It is forty-one years older than Harvard University, the oldest university in the U.S. The second oldest university is the Dominican owned University of Santo Tomas, founded in 1611 by Fray Miguel de Benavides.Due to these educational institutions and the people's love for education, the literacy rate in the Philippines is now 89.9%, the highest among Southeast Asian countries. Metro Manila has an even higher literacy rate of 96% with a student population of 2.5 million.LANGUAGEThe Philippines is a nation of many languages and dialects. A survey by Richard Pitman, an American linguist, showed that there are 55 native languages and 142 dialects in the country, apart from English and Spanish. All the native languages and dialects belong to the Malayo-Polynesian family of languages.Of the eight principal native languages, Cebuano ranks first. It is spoken by nearly first (24.39%) of the people. Tagalog which used to be first, now ranks a close second (23.82%); followed by Ilocano (11.14%); Hiligaynon or Ilongo (9.99%); Bicolano (6.96%); Waray-waray (4.62%); Kapampangan (3.43%) and Pangasinan (2.26%).English is the language of instruction in schools, but Filipino is the national language. Much of Filipino is derived from the language (Tagalog) spoken in Manila and nearby provinces. These major languages are spoken is different areas in the country: Ilocano and Pangasinan - Northern Luzon; Waray in Samar and Leyte; Cebuano - in Cebu, Bohol, Negros Oriental and of Christian Mindanao; Hiligaynon - in Panay and Negros Occidental; and the Muslim languages, Maranao- in the Lanao area, Maguindallao in Cotabato, and Tausug- in the Sulu and Tawi-Tawi group.English is the most widely used language in the country, especially for education, commerce and the professions. In fact, the Philippines is the third largest English speaking country in the world. Spanish has declined in use and popularly, and is spoken by a very small minority. Fukien and Cantonese Chinese are spoken and used by the large Chinese communities in urban areas. Significantly, the country has three official languages - Filipino, English and Spanish.FlLIPINO WOMENWomen in the Philippines occupy a high place in society, politics, and the professions. They enjoy equal social and political rights with men. They can vote and be voted to any public office. They can study in universities and engage in any profession. They can compete in sports, art and literary contests and inherit or own property. They have been successful not only as wives of distinguished men and as mothers of children but also as career women.Is the Philippines a 3rd world country?
As of now Yes! Compared to the quality of life in other developed Asian countries, such as Japan, S. Korea, China or other Western countries such as the US, Canada, etc. the quality of life of the people in this country is still very poor and needs to be improved. With a large percentages living in shacks or homeless(living in cemeteries, under bridges etc).
The country also doesn't have the middle class,and it only has the rich and the poor and 32.9 percent of its population are below the poverty line.
Aside from spratly islands What other islands are said to be claimed by the Philippines?
The Philippines also claims the Scarborough Shoal, located in the South China Sea. It is a disputed territory that is also claimed by China and Taiwan. The country asserts its claim based on historical and legal grounds, but it has been a source of tension among these nations.
Who owns the Philippine Islands?
Except for those that have private owners, the Philippine Islands are owned by the government of the Philippine Republic and through the government, by the Filipino people.
What is the purpose of rizal in writing philippines century hence?
Jose Rizal wrote "The Philippines a Century Hence" to predict what the Philippines would be like after a hundred years under Spanish rule. He wanted to raise awareness about the oppressive conditions in the country and inspire Filipinos to strive for independence and social progress.
The present status of metrication in the philippines?
The metrication process in the Philippines began in the 1970s. Currently, the country has partially adopted the metric system, especially in official transactions and industries. However, there are still areas where traditional units are used, creating a mix of metric and non-metric practices in the country.
Is philipean and filipino the same?
"Philippine" refers to anything related to the Philippines, including people, culture, and language. "Filipino" refers to the nationality or citizenship of people from the Philippines. So, while they are related terms, they are not exactly the same.
Where is the biggest plains in the Philippines?
The biggest plains in the Philippines are located in Central Luzon, specifically in the provinces of Pampanga and Tarlac. These plains are known for their expansive rice fields and agricultural production.
Example of creation story of the Philippines?
When the world first began there was no land, but only the sea and the sky, and between them was a kite[1]. One day the bird which had nowhere to light grew tired of flying about, so she stirred up the sea until it threw its waters against the sky. The sky, in order to restrain the sea, showered upon it many islands until it could no longer rise, but ran back and forth. Then the sky ordered the kite to light on one of the islands to build her nest, and to leave the sea and the sky in peace. Now at this time the land breeze and the sea breeze were married, and they had a child which was a bamboo. One day when this bamboo was floating about on the water, it struck the feet of the kite which was on the beach. The bird, angry that anything should strike it, pecked at the bamboo, and out of one section came a man and from the other a woman. Then the earthquake called on all the birds and fish to see what should be done with these two, and it was decided that they should marry. Many children
were born to the couple, and from them came all the different races of people. After a while the parents grew very tired of having so many idle and useless children around, and they wished to be rid of them, but they knew of no place to send them to. Time went on and the children became so numerous that the parents enjoyed no peace. One day, in desperation, the father seized a stick and began beating them on all sides. This so frightened the children that they fled in different directions, seeking hidden rooms in the house - some concealed themselves in the walls, some ran outside, while others hid in the fireplace, and several fled to the sea. Now it happened that those who went into the hidden rooms of the house later became the chiefs of the Islands; and those who concealed themselves in the walls became slaves. Those who ran outside were free men; and those who hid in the fireplace became negroes; while those who fled to the sea were gone many years, and when their children came back they were the white people.
What is your Reaction about poverty in the Philippines?
There is a lot of poverty in the Philippines. Some people, called "squatters," live near trash mounds and scavenge through the rubble to find materials that they can re-sell. Many are living in extreme poverty and unsanitary conditions. My reaction to this problem was to start a charity called Philippine Aid Society.
www.philippineaid.org
What is the present situation in the Philippines?
The Philippines is facing challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic, economic slowdown, and political issues. The government is working to control the spread of the virus, support the economy, and address social and political concerns. There is ongoing vaccination efforts and policies to mitigate the impact of these issues.
Who is the most important person in the Philippines and why?
the most important person is Jose Rizal is a person who save not with a war but he save with a word like Gandhi a most important person of India (called father of nation).
and Rizal die (with a gun).
What are the programs of President Ramon Magsaysay?
Ramon Magsaysay: Man of the year
by Leon .O. Ty
REPORTING from the United States, Vicente Villamin, Filipino lawyer and economist now residing in San Francisco, wrote in his regular column in the Manila Daily Bulletin last week:
"Every person I met here who either was anew arrival from Manila or was in touch with Manila correspondents spoke in the highest terms of Secretary of National Defense Ramon Magsaysay. They all said that he was doing his duty with great vigor and fidelity and demonstrating that the Quirino administration could solve its pressing problems and hold the confidence of the people it there were more officials like him.
"The also expressed fear that the time might soon come that he might not get the full backing of the administration itself because of jealousy and the fact that he never hesitated to step on the toes of anyone who he believed was not doing the right thing or was short of the standard of duty required of him. I hope all this is unfounded. President Quirino deserves great credit for finding and appointing a man like Mr. Magsaysay, and he would be the last to be against him because he is proving to be the right type of public officials to face an emergency. Every good citizen should make Mr. Magsaysay feel that he is appreciated by the people and give him all manner of support and encouragement.�?
A couple of days before the Villamin comments were published, the Manila Chroniclespoke editorially on Magsaysay. Said the Chronicle in part:
"With that same directness and dispatch which have characterized his actuations since he became secretary of national defense. Mr. Ramon Magsaysay has now started a thorough reorganization of the armed forces of the country. His efforts in this direction have been acclaimed in all quarters for he has shown clearly that his purpose is to create a defense organization capable of accomplishing what is expected of it.
"Secretary Magsaysay, with an eye to efficiency and with an awareness of the necessity of doing justice to the officers and men of the Armed Forces, has eliminated positions, effected transfers, and forced resignations to achieve his aim. Secretary Magsaysay has not completed the reorganization of the Armed Forces. But with what he has accomplished so far, there is ample reason to hope that when finally he is done with the reorganization, we shall have a force which will stand the test of battle, within or without. It is our hope, as it is the hope of everybody, that Secretary Magsaysay is backed up by all the highest authorities as President Quirino is backing him up. He is doing well.�?
Ramon Magsaysay became secretary of national defense last September 1. Though he has occupied the position for only four months, he has accomplished in that short span of time much that his predecessor failed to achieve in almost four years. However, in fairness to the man before him-Ruperto Kangleon-it might be mentioned, in passing, that if reforms were not elected before Magsaysay's time, the former secretary of national defense was not entirely to blame. Quirino had a share in that blame because he did not give Kangleon complete backing. In fact the President seldom sought Kangleon's views on matters affecting peace and order in the country. Quirino's closest advisers on military matters as well as on affairs relative to the pacification campaign in the troubled areas of central Luzon were Generals Mariano Castañeda and Alberto Ramos. Since Kangleon was "in the doghouse�? most of the time-though he always attended cabinet meetings-Castañeda and Ramos actually ran the entire armed forces of the country.
Then Magsaysay stepped into the picture. It will be recalled that he was congressman for Zambales when Quirino appointed him to the cabinet. As a legislator, this man was among the best in the House. In the first Congress, Magsaysay was chosen one of the "Ten Most Useful Congressmen�? by more than a dozen newspapermen covering the legislature.
Upon his assumption of office as defense secretary, Magsaysay at once saw what was wrong with the Philippine Army and the Constabulary. Both outfits were run by "cliques�? which determined promotions, transfers, etc. He called it "politics inside the armed forces.�?
After the publication in this magazine of the now famous "Secret Report�? about shocking cases of graft, corruption gross inefficiency, brutality and barbarism among PC officers in Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, and Pangasinan, Magsaysay at once took drastic steps. He ordered the transfer and investigation of more than a dozen high army officers in the provinces mentioned in the report.
That he incurred the displeasure of those yanked out from their lucrative stations in central Luzon was known to Magsaysay.
"I don't give a hang about what they think of me,�? "Magsaysay once told a number of newsmen. "I'll clean up the armed forces of crooks and misfits if it kills me. I left my job in Congress and accepted my present position because I felt that I could help President Quirino in my own humble way. I have no choice in this matter. Either those useless officers who are not a credit to the government must step out or I step out.�?
Since he made this statement, scores of "useless officers�? both in the Army and the Constabulary have been relieved. A goodly number have been reverted to inactive status.
From interviews with certain Army and PC brass we have learned that officers who used to feel secure in their jobs are now on their toes most of the time. They know that many of their colleagues who used to boast of their strong "connections�? with bigwigs in the high councils of the armed forces have been either relieved or transferred to distant provinces.
"Some of those officers had adopted the I-don't-care attitude because they felt secure in their jobs due to their connections with people in the 'clique,' �? Magsaysay said. "I changed that attitude. Now, the same officers are aware of the fact that they can remain on their jobs only as long as they improve themselves. They know that it's only efficiency and devotion to duty that can keep them there.�?
One officer who failed to send reinforcements to some soldiers whom the Huks had surrounded in the Zambales mountains not long ago was kicked out of the Army upon orders of Secretary Magsaysay.
One night this man went to the Secretary's house and tearfully begged that he be given another chance. He had with him his wife and children. In the course of his plea, this man went to the extent of showing his scars from wounds sustained while fighting the Japanese in Bataan in 1942.
"I'm very sorry,�? Magsaysay told him, "I can't reinstate you. I know how you feel. I know how your family will feel about this. But what you did was something an officer should never do. I can't maintain discipline in the army if I don't punish you.�?
A lot of other officers whom Magsaysay ordered dismissed have come to him for "another chance.�?
"I always refused to reconsider,�? he said. "If I didn't, there could never be any discipline in the armed forces. We must have discipline and we can only have it if we apply a firm hand on officers and men who manhandle civilians, refuse to fight the dissidents, commit irregularities, and abuse their authority.�?
Magsaysay has already relieved many officers for maltreating civilians. He told this writer that if there is anything he hates in men in the armed forces, it is brutal treatment of civilians, especially those in out-of-the-way places.
"I am very hard on officers and men who abuse or torture innocent civilians,�? Magsaysay said. "The army and PC are supposed to protect, not to exploit them. Whenever I hear a report of abuse and manhandling of farm folk, I personally see to it that the officer or men responsible are punished.�?
Magsaysay has contributed his bit in reviving the faith of the Filipino people in their government. Whenever he goes to the provinces, he makes it a point to talk with the parish priest, the teachers and farmers of the community. From these people, he gets correct information about the behavior of officers and soldiers.
Crowning achievement
"I do not bother talking at length with the officers,�? he once told us. "If I confined myself to them, they would tell me nice stories about their achievements. But the people are the best judge of these officers. So I talk with the people and from them I invariably get a correct report on what the members of the armed forces are doing in their locality.�?
Since Magsaysay assumed office, he has succeeded in effecting the surrender of several Huk chieftains and their men. These surrenders have taken place in Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Batangas, Laguna, and Zambales. Firearms and ammunition have likewise been turned over by these dissidents to the government.
Secretary Magsaysay has already done much to boost the morale of the men in the field. He goes to them unannounced and at the most unexpected moments. He is able to do this because he uses a plane in visiting combat teams in the provinces, thus saving much time. When an officer in the field is deserving of promotion. Magsaysay goes to where that man is and hands him in papers.
"I hate paper work and red tape,�? he has repeatedly told newspapermen. "In the past, plenty of paper was wasted in the office because of endorsements from one office to another. And it took time to get those endorsements dispatched. Now, I either go to officers personally or just use the telephone to transact or just use the telephone to transact official business. It is much better because it is faster. The US Army is efficient because there is less paper work.�?
The mass arrest of men and women suspected of being the core of the Communist party in the Philippines is Magsaysay's crowning achievement. He told us that in due time he would give the lowdown on the incidents and circumstances that led to the discovery and final apprehension of the members of the local Politburo.
Furious
Co Pak, local Chinese multimillionaire, who is suspected as one of the top financiers of the local Reds is now confined. Magsaysay had him arrested. When the order to nab this Chinese was made, those in the Military Intelligence Service were hesitant. They were afraid of Co Pak because they had been informed that the man had hirelings who would murder at the drop of a halt. When Magsaysay learned about this, he flared up.
"If you cannot arrest Co Pak because you are afraid,�? he told the arresting officers, "I'll arrest him myself!�?
Co Pak was finally apprehended and confined. But he stayed in the PC stockade only for a short time. Somehow or other, he succeeded in getting his temporary release by the mere expedient of filing a bond. We were informed that the man used political "pull.�? He has strong "connections�? among local bigtime politicos.
When Magsaysay heard of Co Pak's temporary release, he became furious and ordered the immediate arrest of the Chinese.
Magsaysay has ordered the sale of scores of staff cars in the Army and Constabulary. When all the vehicles are sold, the government will net something like one and a half million pesos. With the money, new trucks (which are very much needed in the campaign against the Huks) will be bought. Magsaysay also said that his department will purchase some 100 trucks from the Manila Railroad Company. These will also be used by the combat teams in Central Luzon.
Not the least of Magsaysay's achievements is the replacement of Generals Castañeda and Ramos. During the period when these gentlemen controlled military affairs, peace and order conditions went steadily from bad to worse. Their replacement by more effective leaders brings fresh hope of the ultimate restoration of peace and order throughout the nation, which as President Quirino himself has repeatedly said, is the government's first problem.
What are the effects of corruption in the Philippines?
The effects of corruption in the Philippines are so many. Some of the common ones include slow development, lack of proper infrastructure, the economy suffers a great deal as well and efficiency in service delivery leaves a lot to be desired.
What is the oldest university in the Philippine?
The University of Santo Tomas, established in 1611, is the oldest university in the Philippines.
Chua-ay is a song.
Tradition dictates that this song was sung by the females of the igorot tribe(from northern Philippines) while they walk from mountain to mountain carrying jugs of water on their heads.
What are the contributions of the Spaniards here in the Philippines?
PHILIPPINES the name itself is one of the great contributions of spaniards.. to glorify King Philip II..
CATHOLICISM was introduced by the spaniards..
and some tagalog words like abante, avante in spanish w/c means ahead or forward in english..
be thankful to the spaniards even though we had some bad experience w/ them.. =)
How did the chinese influence the filipino way of life?
Aside from the things listed below, most Filipinos now are good business persons. They now adopt a low earning but fast recovery of capital system in their businesses.
Chinese Influences to the way of life of the Filipinos
1. Use of jars for burials of bones of the dead
2. Food-food like tofu, hopia, lomi,-bachoy, goto, siopao,-lumpia, siomai, bihon, kinchay, petchay,- toge, miswa, etc
3. Use of Filipino words borrowed from China like a chi ateko a kuyatau kua tokwabi ko bikohi kau hikawbak khiaq bakya
4. The convenience store or the sari-sari store.
5. Wearing of the"kamisa de chino", loose pants and long-sleeved shirt
6. Games and toys: tops, cards, sungka, flying kites, Mah-jong
7. Arranged marriage
8. Respect for elders
9. Wearing of white for mourning
10. Use of fireworks during celebrations
How were the Philippines formed?
The Philippines were formed due to tectonic plate movements and volcanic activity, resulting in the creation of a chain of islands. Over millions of years, these processes formed the archipelago that we now know as the Philippines.
Why is Manila the capital of the Philippines?
Manila is the Capital of Philippine due to a number of reasons. Firstly it enjoys a strategic location and serves as a hub to international waters. Secondly, it has a rich business culture with many industries headquarters. At last, it is host to the political platform of Philippines.
Why Jose rizal became the national hero of the Philippines?
it's because the Americans want it. they proclaimed Rizal as the national hero so people in Philippines would see him as a model.They would follow him;people would just study and develop their talents and skills and they would never be aggressive or be against to the Americans who are invading the Philippines that time. They prefered Rizal to be the national hero who is silent rather that Aguinaldo who is Aggressive and may be against the Americans.
Is it not only the Americans that made Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Y Alonzo Realonda (June 19, 1861 - December 30, 1896) as a Philippine National hero but the Filipinos itself, for they seen his patriot works and his very most prominent advocacies for reforms in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era, most specially his bloodless fight for the freedom of his mother land.
What was the first cooperative in the Philippines?
The first cooperative in the Philippines is considered to be the "El Porvenir Mutual Benefit Association" established in 1882 in Pandacan, Manila.
