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Probability

The probability of a certain event is a number expressing the likelihood that a specific event will occur, expressed as the ratio of the number of actual occurrences to the number of possible occurrences. In mathematics, it is a measure of how often an event will happen and is the basis of statistics.

14,643 Questions

Is a mutually exclusive event also an idependent event?

Two events are mutually exclusive if they both cannot occur together. For example, if you toss a coin , let A represent a head showing up and B represent a tail showing up. These two events are mutually exclusive. You can only have a tail or head.

To explain an independent event, pick a card from a deck of 52. The probability that it is a king is 4/52. If you put the card back and draw again, the probability is still 4/52. The second draw is independent of the first draw. If you draw another card without putting it back, its probability changes to 3/51. It becomes a dependent event.

In short, a mutually exclusive event is not an independent event.

What is the probability of getting a sum of 6 when rolling two number cubes?

Rolling 2 dice together can produce total scores from 2 (a 1 and a 1) to 12 a (6 and a 6) but there not all equally probable. You would score 6 with 1 + 5 or 5 + 1 or 2 + 4 or 4 + 2 or 3 + 3.

Because there are 6 numbers on No. 1 dice and 6 numbers on No. 2 dice there are 6 x 6 = 36 ways of scoring.

From the above you can see that your 5 possibilities out of 36 means that the probability is 5/36 = 0.138888(recurring decimal) = 13.89% correct to 2 decimal places.

How many ten of hearts are in a 52 deck of cards?

There is only one card which has 10 hearts upon it, and that is the 10 of hearts. Similarly there is only one two of clubs in a 52 pack.

What is the difference between sampling frame and sampling uinit?

Samplig frame is the source material from which the sample is drawn. If you have a 'list' of names of all inviduals from which you could draw a sample, the list is a sampling frame.

A samplig unit is the sample being chosen.

How much is 15 liters in milliliters?

There are 15,000 milliliters in 15 liters.

What is the probability landing on a 3?

land on a 3? as in a dice? well if so then it is 1/6 chance because there are 6 numbers on a dice and 3 is one of them so 1/6

How is standard deviation different from mean absolute decation?

If I have understood the question correctly, despite your challenging spelling, the standard deviation is the square root of the average of the squared deviations while the mean absolute deviation is the average of the deviation.

One consequence of this difference is that a large deviation affects the standard deviation more than it affects the mean absolute deviation.

What is the probability of obtaining exactly six heads in seven flips of a coin given that at least one is a head?

The requirement that one coin is a head is superfluous and does not matter.

The simplified question is "what is the probability of obtaining exactly six heads in seven flips of a coin?"...

There are 128 permutations (27) of seven coins, or seven flips of one coin. Of these, there are seven permutations where there are exactly six heads, i.e. where there is only one tail.

The probability, then, of tossing six heads in seven coin tosses is 7 in 128, or 0.0546875.

What characteristics about the Standard Normal Distribution make it different from any normal distribution?

The mean is 0 and the variance is 1. This need not be the case in any other Normal (Gaussian) distribution.

How many continuous probability distributions?

There are an indeterminate number: thousands upon thousands.

How many different ways can the letters of the word offices be arranged so that all the vowels always come together?

The different ways the vowels can be arranged together is 3x2x1 = 6.

The number of places this arrangement can go within the word is 5.

This means there are 30 possible arrangements for the vowels. The consonants can be arranged amongst themselves with 4 possibilities for first place, 3 for second, 2 for third and 1 for fourth. This gives us 4x3x2=24 combinations.

So with 30 possible arrangements for the vowels, and 24 for the consonants, this gives us 720 possible ways of arranging the letters in the word offices so that the vowels always come together.

What is the probability that Fatima gets fewer heads than tails if she flips 10 coins?

If 10 coins are tossed, you could get 4 heads and 6 tails, 3 heads and 7 tails, 2 heads and 1 tail, 0 heads and 10 tails all giving fewer heads than tails.

Using the binomial distribution ,

P(4 heads) = 10C4 (.5)^4 (.5)^6 = 0.205078.

P(3 heads) = 10C3 (.5)^3 (.5)^7 = 0.117188

P(2 heads) = 10C2 (.5)^2 (.5)^8 = 0.043945

P(1 heads) = 10C1 (.5)^1 (.5)^9 = 0.009766

P(0 heads) =(.5)^10 = 0.000977

Adding all of these probabilities, we have P(fewer heads than tails)= 0.376953

Is probability written in percentage?

It can be, if desired. Probability is a number between 0 and 1. If you want to express that as a percent, simply say between 0% and 100% instead.

How do you calculate distinguishable permutations?

The number of permutations of n distinct objects is n! = 1*2*3* ... *n.

If a set contains n objects, but k of them are identical (non-distinguishable), then the number of distinct permutations is n!/k!.

If the n objects contains j of them of one type, k of another, then there are n!/(j!*k!).

The above pattern can be extended. For example, to calculate the number of distinct permutations of the letters of "statistics":

Total number of letters: 10

Number of s: 3

Number of t: 3

Number of i: 2

So the answer is 10!/(3!*3!*2!) = 50400

How many different arrangements of 7 letters can be formed from the letters in the word ALGEBRA?

The number of 7 letter permutations of the word ALGEBRA is the same as the number of permutation of 7 things taken 7 at a time, which is 5040. However, since the letter A is duplicated once, you have to divide by 2 in order to find out the number of distinct permutations, which is 2520.

What is the probability of being dealt a club out of a standard deck of cards?

There are 13 clubs in a standard deck of 52 cards. The probability, then, of drawing club is 13 in 52, or 1 in 4, or 0.25.

If two cards are drawn from a standard deck of playing cards without replacement find the probability of selecting a heart and a diamond?

A card is drawn from a standard deck of playing cards. what is the probability that a spade and a heart is selected?

What is the probability of selecting a face card in a deck of 52 cards?

There are 12 face cards in a standard deck of 52 cards; the jacks, queens, and kings of spades, diamonds, clubs, and hearts. The probability, then, of drawing a face card is 12 in 52, or 3 in 13, or about 0.2308.

Can the Empirical Rule of probability be applied to the uniform probability distribution?

Yes, except that if you know that the distribution is uniform there is little point in using the empirical rule.

How many different ways can the letters in the word Canada be arranged?

The number of ways that the letter of the word CANADA can be arranged is simply the number of permutations of 6 things taken 6 at a time, which is 6 factorial, or 720. However, since the letter A is repeated twice, the number is distinct permutations is a factor of 4 less than that, or 180.