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Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of military engagements between the ascendant Roman Republic and the former Phoenician colony of Carthage, in what is now Tunisia. The Wars were notable for the Carthaginian General Hannibal's Crossing over the Alps with elephants in the Second Punic War and for Rome's complete razing of Carthage in the Third Punic War.
591 Questions
What did the Battle of Zama Carthage give to Rome?
It recognised hegemony of the western Mediterranean by Rome, and undertook to pay a massive indemnity over 50 years, designed to keep it in check for the future.
The Carthaginians were such good traders that they paid off the debt in 10 years, and Rome was faced with the problem again.
Who was Hannibal and what was his role in the punic wars?
During the second Punic War the initial successes of the campaign Hannibal fought in Italy created deep fears that he would take Rome. It seems that he affected the traditional social order of Rome. this is suggested by the fact that laws regarding the moral behaviour of women were introduced.
Hannibal's campaign also had profound effects on the Italian economy. Many small peasants lost their land and migrated to Rome to eke out a living and lived in abject poverty. They lost their farms either because they were ravaged in the war or prolonged military service led to their neglect. This situation was made worse by a sharp increase in the supplies of slave labour as many war captives were enslaved. The owners of large landed estates had plenty of slaves to till their land and to expand their holdings. They took advantage of the situation to buy new land on the cheap.
Hannibal's campaign created a deep hatred towards the Carthaginians.
What year did Hannibal attack rome?
Hannibal invaded Italy in 218 BC but did not attack Rome itself because he could not take the necessary siege engines with him.
I don't know when, but I do know he was a Carthaginian general, he was believed to have avenged Aeneas' leaving or desertion of Dido.
What would have hav happened if rome had been defeated at the battle of zama?
More war - Rome would not have given up on its ambitions as a world power. It would have had to keep on trying to defeat Carthage as they were irreconcilable enemies and contesting for dominance in the Western Mediterranean. One had to win eventually and eliminate the strength of the other.
As it turned out, Carthage was defeated, and Rome sought to paralyse Carthage with a fifty-year financial penalty, which would have prevented them hiring their usual mercenary armies. Rome miscalculated - the Carthaginians were such successful traders that they paid off the indemnity within ten years and so, in Roman eyes, once again became a threat. Rome kept pushing the Carthaginians to war again by using North African proxies to attack them, so in due course an excuse came to attack Carthage once again and impose the final solution - levelling of the city and selling the people into slavery.
Who is the Roman general who helpd win the Second Punic War?
There were a number of Roman generals that might be called daring in the Second Punic War. The one that is often cited is Scipio Africanus. His victory over Hannibal at the Battle of Zama, severely dashed all hopes of Carthage to win the war against Rome.
How many punic wars were there?
Most historians break up the conflict between Carthage and Rome war into two or three separate conflicts. The First occurred from 264-241 BC the Second from 218 - 201BC and the Third lasted from 148- 146 BC. Some either combine the last two or ignore the last one all together, as the Third was more of a siege on New Carthage proper then a full-scale war.
Three.
Who was the leader of Rome who fought against Hannibal from Carthage?
Scipio Africanus was the most famous. Other generals were less successful. === === Probably the most successful was Fabius Maximus. He got his Maximus (not Great but Greatest - what other general got that accolade?) by not fighting. His army avoided engaging Hannibal and getting defeated, but shadowed it in the hills, posing a constant threat, and inhibiting Hannibal's aim of detaching Rome's allies from the Roman side. This most of all saved Rome. Scipio delivered the coup de grace by invading North Africa and getting Hannibal recalled to defend the city.
What was the reason for the third punic war?
The underlying cause was the determination of Rome to dispose of the threat which it percieved from Carthage, against which it had already won two wars.
The official cause was violation of the peace treaty from the Second Punic War which made the Roman Senate arbitrator of all border disputes involving Carthage, so that Carthage had to get approval from the Roman Senate before going to war. Rome then used its ally Numidia as proxy to harrass Carthage, which eventually had to defend itself. This gave Rome a valid excuse to declare war and destroy Carthage, extablishing Rome as undisputed power in the western Mediterranean.
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Who led the beginning of the Punic Wars?
Rome, an emerging land power, and Carthage a naval power, found it mutually convenient to be in alliance and so dominate the western Mediterranean. They came into conflict by getting sucked into a local dispute in Sicily on different sides. Rome, having dominated Italy, was interested in extending into Sicily. Carthage, a trading empire, saw advantages in controlling Sicily. Their alliance ended and a hundred-year war began.
What was the reason for the first punic war?
Rome had gained control of the Italian peninsula, and Carthage had a trading empire around the western Mediterranean Sea.
Originally allies, they fell into dispute over control of Sicily.
This then escalated into an outright contest for dominance of the western Mediterranean, with two more wars, both won by Rome, which resulted in Rome's total dominance and the destruction of Carthage.
The city that Rome fought against in the Punic Wars was?
During the First, Second and Third Punic Wars, the Roman Republic fought the city of Carthage and its surrounding territories.
Ancient Carthage was founded by sea faring Phoenicians around 814 BCE. In 650 BCE Carthage gained its independence and became a major regional power in the Mediterranean. Carthage controlled large colonies in Northern Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, Corsica, Sardina and other territories during much of its existence.
Eventually the growth of the Roman Republic brought it into conflict with the Carthaginians. The two powers fought the Punic Wars over the course of 120 years from 264BCE to 146BCE. At the end of the Third Punic War, the Roman forces destroyed Carthage and razed the city to the ground.
What is the importance of the Punic wars to Rome?
The war was fought between Rome and Carthage. Basically the 3 wars resulted in the destruction of Carthage and the Romans gained the territories of Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Africa and also Spain.
In short it played a major role in the expansion of the roman empire
Who was the general who used elephants during the Punic Wars?
Hannibal was the Carthaginian general in question. Hannibal led both his troops and his elephants over the Alps and into Italy during the Second Punic War.
Who were the Roman enemies in the Punic war?
The Romans battled the Carthoginians in the Punic Wars. There were three, all of which Rome won.
Rome won the third Punic War. Rome won all three of the punic wars!
Where was Hannibal barca from?
Hannibal Barca was born in Carthage (Turnisia) and, he suicided sounthern Africa.
However, we can't just say where he lived for his life. Although he was born in Carthage(Turnisia), he lived in Europe, ex)Italy, spain, and France about 15 Years during his expedition.
What were three results of the Punic Wars?
Three results of the Punic wars were: 1) the elimination of Carthage as a rival to Rome by destroying the city, 2) Rome gained territory in Spain, Sicily, North Africa and all other places that Carthage had colonies, and 3) Rome controlled the entire Mediterranean area.
Who did Rome defeat in the Punic wars?
Rome defeated the great Carthaginian general Hannibal in the Punic wars
What were the outcomes of the 2nd and 3rd Punic wars?
Rome and its allies defeated Carthage.
After the Second war, Rome imposed an annual financial penalty designed to cripple Carthage for 50 years. The resilient Carthaginians paid it off in ten years.
So after defeating Carthage in the Third Punic War, Rome went for a 'Final Solution' selling the Carthaginians into slavery to get rid of their contest for superiority in the Western Mediterranean.
Approximately how many miles did Scipio travel from the northwestern tip of Sicily to Carthage?
About 600 miles.
The Romans (Duilius) inflicted a significant naval defeat upon Carthaginian (Hannibal Gisco [Not the famous Hannibal Barca] ) naval forces at the Battle of Mylae .
What were some advantages that Carthage had over Rome in the Punic Wars?
Firstly, Carthage was a very successful trading empire and with this wealth could afford to hire effective mercenary forces. In the First Punic War, Carthage had a strong navy - Rome was a land power, and were on the losing end until they developed from scratch a powerful fleet and better naval tactics. In the Second Punic war they had a superior strategist and tactician in Hannibal. Not only was he able to defeat Romconsistently in battles, he was able to play on Rome's reliance on its allies to provide the manpower to replace its losses, by detaching or neutralising those allies. This lasted for fifteen years until Rome produced the superior strategy of invading Africa and threatening Carthage, resulting in Hannibal's recall to protect the city. In the Third Punic War, they had nothing, being completely on the defensive and without the necessary resources.
What cause the first punic war in rome?
After a long struggle between the Greeks and Carthaginians that inhabited Sicily, Carthaginian mercenaries attacked the city of Messana, which is right on the border between Sicily and Italy. Messana called to Romans for help and after long debate the Romans agreed to help even though it certainly meant war between them and the Carthaginians
