0
Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of military engagements between the ascendant Roman Republic and the former Phoenician colony of Carthage, in what is now Tunisia. The Wars were notable for the Carthaginian General Hannibal's Crossing over the Alps with elephants in the Second Punic War and for Rome's complete razing of Carthage in the Third Punic War.
591 Questions
The Roman defeated Hannibal by changing their tactics. They were able to wear down Hannibal's army, which had suffered may casualties just getting to Italy and then having to fight their way through. When Hannibal set for reinforcements from Carthage, they were never sent. The Romans also attacked in Spain, diverting Hannibal's attention from Italy and then in Africa itself, where Hannibal had to fight to defend his homeland and lost.
Who were the punic wars between?
The Punic Wars where three wars between Rome and Carthage, all won by Rome.
Both were vying for supremacy against each other. Unfortunately for Carthage, Rome won all of the three wars. Maybe the most famous war, the Second Punic War involved Hannibal, a famous Carthage general leading a surprise attack on Rome, led by his war elephants. However, the Roman general, Scipio, led an attack on Carthage and Hannibal had to retreat to save his capital city.
In the third Punic War, Rome finally completed the defeat of Carthage and the civilization of Carthagians was destroyed.
How many elephants did Hannibal take across the alps?
Hannibal set off from Spain with 37 elephants. There are disagreements among the sources about the number of elephants which survived the snow and ice of the crossing. They range between 20 and 3. Ancient historian Livy said that Hannibal got two groups of elephants to attack the Romans in the battle of Trebbia after the crossing. He also said that after that he tried to cross the Apennine Mountains to get to Etruria, but was caught in a cold snap and a snow storm. The seven elephants which had survived the mentioned battle died. Other sources say that Hannibal still had one elephant when he travelled further south in Italy.
What happened during the Roman Punic Wars?
During the first Punic war, the ultimate goal was to get the Carthaginians out of Sicily. The Romans tried overtaking them town by town but this proved too difficult, so the Romans decided to cut off their supplies from Africa by sea. Since the Carthaginians were much better sailors than Romans, the Romans devised a device called a corvus to turn sea battles in land battles, where they had the advantage. In 256BC Roman decide to invade the Carthaginian homeland in Africa but do not manage to defeat the Carthaginians before the end of the campaigning season. In the meantime, the Carthaginians hire a Spartan general to train their army and they crush the Roman in the spring. After this, many Roman troops and much of the Roman fleet are lost in storms at sea, but the Romans rebuild and attack the Carthaginian with their new fleet in 242BC. The Carthaginians are caught unawares and are decisively defeated and forced to leave Sicily.
Which provinces did the Romans acquire after the second punic war?
Carthage agreed to withdraw from Spain and all Mediterranean islands. Provinces were created in Spain - Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. Cisalpine Gaul was also conquered during the Second Punic War
What did Rome gain from the Second Punic War?
Rome as we all know fought its competitor for West Europe, Carthage, after the 3rd Punic War Rome salted the fields of Carthage, thus keeping Carthage from rising again. With Carthage out of their way, Rome dominated trade in Europe and gained every piece of land that the Mediterranean Sea touched.
What was the cause of the second punic war?
The underlying cause was the determination of Rome to dispose of the threat which it percieved from Carthage, against which it had already won two wars.
The official cause was violation of the peace treaty from the Second Punic War which made the Roman Senate arbitrator of all border disputes involving Carthage, so that Carthage had to get approval from the Roman Senate before going to war. Rome then used its ally Numidia as proxy to harrass Carthage, which eventually had to defend itself. This gave Rome a valid excuse to declare war and destroy Carthage, extablishing Rome as undisputed power in the western Mediterranean.
What were the outcomes of the punic wars?
Rome prevailed over Carthage with Rome receiving war reparations from Carthage . Rome became the premier naval power in the Mediterranean and Carthage retained control of Africa , Corsica and Sardinia .
What did the Battle of Zama Carthage give to Rome?
It recognised hegemony of the western Mediterranean by Rome, and undertook to pay a massive indemnity over 50 years, designed to keep it in check for the future.
The Carthaginians were such good traders that they paid off the debt in 10 years, and Rome was faced with the problem again.
Who was Hannibal and what was his role in the punic wars?
During the second Punic War the initial successes of the campaign Hannibal fought in Italy created deep fears that he would take Rome. It seems that he affected the traditional social order of Rome. this is suggested by the fact that laws regarding the moral behaviour of women were introduced.
Hannibal's campaign also had profound effects on the Italian economy. Many small peasants lost their land and migrated to Rome to eke out a living and lived in abject poverty. They lost their farms either because they were ravaged in the war or prolonged military service led to their neglect. This situation was made worse by a sharp increase in the supplies of slave labour as many war captives were enslaved. The owners of large landed estates had plenty of slaves to till their land and to expand their holdings. They took advantage of the situation to buy new land on the cheap.
Hannibal's campaign created a deep hatred towards the Carthaginians.
What year did Hannibal attack rome?
Hannibal invaded Italy in 218 BC but did not attack Rome itself because he could not take the necessary siege engines with him.
I don't know when, but I do know he was a Carthaginian general, he was believed to have avenged Aeneas' leaving or desertion of Dido.
What would have hav happened if rome had been defeated at the battle of zama?
More war - Rome would not have given up on its ambitions as a world power. It would have had to keep on trying to defeat Carthage as they were irreconcilable enemies and contesting for dominance in the Western Mediterranean. One had to win eventually and eliminate the strength of the other.
As it turned out, Carthage was defeated, and Rome sought to paralyse Carthage with a fifty-year financial penalty, which would have prevented them hiring their usual mercenary armies. Rome miscalculated - the Carthaginians were such successful traders that they paid off the indemnity within ten years and so, in Roman eyes, once again became a threat. Rome kept pushing the Carthaginians to war again by using North African proxies to attack them, so in due course an excuse came to attack Carthage once again and impose the final solution - levelling of the city and selling the people into slavery.
Who is the Roman general who helpd win the Second Punic War?
There were a number of Roman generals that might be called daring in the Second Punic War. The one that is often cited is Scipio Africanus. His victory over Hannibal at the Battle of Zama, severely dashed all hopes of Carthage to win the war against Rome.
How many punic wars were there?
Most historians break up the conflict between Carthage and Rome war into two or three separate conflicts. The First occurred from 264-241 BC the Second from 218 - 201BC and the Third lasted from 148- 146 BC. Some either combine the last two or ignore the last one all together, as the Third was more of a siege on New Carthage proper then a full-scale war.
Three.
Who was the leader of Rome who fought against Hannibal from Carthage?
Scipio Africanus was the most famous. Other generals were less successful. === === Probably the most successful was Fabius Maximus. He got his Maximus (not Great but Greatest - what other general got that accolade?) by not fighting. His army avoided engaging Hannibal and getting defeated, but shadowed it in the hills, posing a constant threat, and inhibiting Hannibal's aim of detaching Rome's allies from the Roman side. This most of all saved Rome. Scipio delivered the coup de grace by invading North Africa and getting Hannibal recalled to defend the city.
What was the reason for the third punic war?
The underlying cause was the determination of Rome to dispose of the threat which it percieved from Carthage, against which it had already won two wars.
The official cause was violation of the peace treaty from the Second Punic War which made the Roman Senate arbitrator of all border disputes involving Carthage, so that Carthage had to get approval from the Roman Senate before going to war. Rome then used its ally Numidia as proxy to harrass Carthage, which eventually had to defend itself. This gave Rome a valid excuse to declare war and destroy Carthage, extablishing Rome as undisputed power in the western Mediterranean.
Rate This Answer
Who led the beginning of the Punic Wars?
Rome, an emerging land power, and Carthage a naval power, found it mutually convenient to be in alliance and so dominate the western Mediterranean. They came into conflict by getting sucked into a local dispute in Sicily on different sides. Rome, having dominated Italy, was interested in extending into Sicily. Carthage, a trading empire, saw advantages in controlling Sicily. Their alliance ended and a hundred-year war began.
What was the reason for the first punic war?
Rome had gained control of the Italian peninsula, and Carthage had a trading empire around the western Mediterranean Sea.
Originally allies, they fell into dispute over control of Sicily.
This then escalated into an outright contest for dominance of the western Mediterranean, with two more wars, both won by Rome, which resulted in Rome's total dominance and the destruction of Carthage.
The city that Rome fought against in the Punic Wars was?
During the First, Second and Third Punic Wars, the Roman Republic fought the city of Carthage and its surrounding territories.
Ancient Carthage was founded by sea faring Phoenicians around 814 BCE. In 650 BCE Carthage gained its independence and became a major regional power in the Mediterranean. Carthage controlled large colonies in Northern Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, Corsica, Sardina and other territories during much of its existence.
Eventually the growth of the Roman Republic brought it into conflict with the Carthaginians. The two powers fought the Punic Wars over the course of 120 years from 264BCE to 146BCE. At the end of the Third Punic War, the Roman forces destroyed Carthage and razed the city to the ground.
What is the importance of the Punic wars to Rome?
The war was fought between Rome and Carthage. Basically the 3 wars resulted in the destruction of Carthage and the Romans gained the territories of Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Africa and also Spain.
In short it played a major role in the expansion of the roman empire
Who was the general who used elephants during the Punic Wars?
Hannibal was the Carthaginian general in question. Hannibal led both his troops and his elephants over the Alps and into Italy during the Second Punic War.
Who were the Roman enemies in the Punic war?
The Romans battled the Carthoginians in the Punic Wars. There were three, all of which Rome won.
Rome won the third Punic War. Rome won all three of the punic wars!
Where was Hannibal barca from?
Hannibal Barca was born in Carthage (Turnisia) and, he suicided sounthern Africa.
However, we can't just say where he lived for his life. Although he was born in Carthage(Turnisia), he lived in Europe, ex)Italy, spain, and France about 15 Years during his expedition.
What were three results of the Punic Wars?
Three results of the Punic wars were: 1) the elimination of Carthage as a rival to Rome by destroying the city, 2) Rome gained territory in Spain, Sicily, North Africa and all other places that Carthage had colonies, and 3) Rome controlled the entire Mediterranean area.
