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Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of military engagements between the ascendant Roman Republic and the former Phoenician colony of Carthage, in what is now Tunisia. The Wars were notable for the Carthaginian General Hannibal's Crossing over the Alps with elephants in the Second Punic War and for Rome's complete razing of Carthage in the Third Punic War.
591 Questions
Who led the Carthage in the first punic war?
Hamilcar Barca (father of Hannibal Barca) and others ...
Why did the Romans treat Carthage with such brutality after the third Punic War?
Rome feared that Carthage would rise up again and challenge it for supremacy in the Mediterranean World once again. There was a window of opportunity following the Second Punic War when Rome could have made Carthage an ally, perhaps even with the aid of Hannibal, but Rome chose vengeance over magnanimity, much as the WWI allies did in the Treaty of Versailles. That decision forced a Third Punic War which had to leave only one superpower standing-and it was Rome who intrigued, instigated, and manipulated events to bring PWIII about.
Did the punic wars widen the gap between the wealthy and the poor in rome?
Under Roman law, anything which could be held for a year without challenge could be kept. While the soldiers were away during extended wars, they were not able to challenge the takeover of the common land by big landowners.
Small-farmers relied on the common land to graze their ploughing oxen and to provide edible nuts and other produce to supplement what they could grow on their own small plots, which became unviable when the common land was lost to them (the same thing happened in England in the 16th Century CE enclosures of the common land).
In addition, the wars produced a great supply of slaves, who replaced free labour.
This double displacement enriched the upper classes who took advantage of all this, and impoverished the lower classes.
The collapse of the small farming class, who provided the backbone of the army, weakened Rome's military capacity which led to the recruitment of the non-propertied class during the Germanic invasion. These unpropertied men had no farms to return to after a war, and turned to their generals to provide for them. The generals used these clients to further their own power aspirations.
These changes sowed the seeds of the civil wars.
How did Rome's support of messana cause conflict?
When the Carthaginians (actually Carthaginian mercenaries) invaded the city of Messana (which is the city the separates Sicily and Italy) the citizens called to Rome for help. The Romans knew that if they helped Messana it would cause a war between them and the Carthaginians, but after great debate they helped Messana. This is the start of the First Punic War.
Jacob Scipio was born in March 1993, in Islington, London, England, UK.
How was Hannibals attack on rome daring and diffrerent?
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
Hannibal never attacked Rome itself. Hannibal attacked Italy and its cities. The raids were daring and different because he came from the northerly direction and had to cross the Alps in order to get there.
What happened to Hannibal's eye?
Hannibal Lecter's eye, particularly his right eye, is often depicted as having a distinctive appearance, which some interpretations suggest might be due to a condition called heterochromia, where two eyes have different colors. In the context of the character from Thomas Harris's novels and their adaptations, it symbolizes his complex nature and psychological depth. The character's eye is also a visual cue for his intelligence and predatory instincts. However, specific details about injuries or conditions affecting his eye may vary across different adaptations.
Punic Wars established Rome as unchallenged in the Western Mediterranean, and their decision to punish Macedonia for supporting Carthage led them to progressively take over the eastern Mediterranean as well.
The Persian, Peloponnesian Wars and Crusades did not involve Rome.
What important changes took place in Rome after the end of the Punic Wars?
The farmers who made up the Roman army dwindled in numbers, so that by the time of the Germanic invasion, there were insufficient to repel them and it became necessary to recruit the non-propertied class. After discharge they had no farm to return to, so they had to rely on their generals to get them land or jobs, which empowered the generals and led to the civil wars.
What were the Differences between the Punic War and the Macedonian War?
The three Punic wars were Rome overcoming the challenge of Carthage in the Western Mediterranean. The final solution after the third war was the total destruction of Carthage and the sale of its people as slaves.
The Macedonian Wars were initially Rome's response to Macedonia supporting Carthage during the Second Punic War, and then a second war as a punitive action, egged on by Pergamon and Rhodes. Then there was a third war against a resurgent Macedonia, and its neutralisation by dividing it into four weak republics.
What plan did Hannibal have to attack Rome?
Having established a base in northern Italy amongst the Gaulish cities, he tried to detach Rome's Italian allies to his side.
This was partially successful, but sufficient allies remained with Rome to bolster them.
He did not have a seige train to breach the city walls, so he had to remain in the countryside, fighting the Roman forces when they thought themselves strong enough to give battle, when he would win with his superior cavalry.
Roman Fabius Maximus then maintained a strategy of avoiding battle but keeping in the hills as a constant threat. Eventually the Romans twigged at last to copy Carthages' strategy of fighting in the enemy's territory and invaded Carthage in North Africa, using also local allies. Hannibal was recalled to defend the city.
What is the sequence of the second Punic war?
After a dispute over colonies in Spain (Hispania), Hannibal led a force overland, gathering allies against Rome along the way, entering Italy via the Alps using war elephants to help pave the way. He defeated a number of Roman Legions sent against him, gaining spectacular victories at Tebia, Trasimene, and Cannae until Rome adapted the Fabian Strategy of avoiding battle while attacking his forces guerrilla style. Eventually, after depriving Hannibal of supplies from Sicily, Scipio attacked Carthaginian forces in Spain, depriving Hannibal of reinforcements. Finally, Scipio invaded Carthage itself, laying waste to the farmland. Carthage recalled Hannibal from Italy. Scipio defeated Hannibal at the Battle of Zama. Carthage sued for peace and was forced to pay heavy indemnities to Rome for the cost of the war. Scipio was given the name Africanus to commemorate his victory, and Hannibal was declared an Enemy of Rome, hounded by Rome for the rest of his life, until he committed suicide rather than be taken prisoner after being betrayed by his former friends.
How much was the fine Carthage paid Rome after the first Punic war?
The indemnity was 3,200 talents (96 tons) of silver paid over 10 years.
No. He had many victories throughout the Italian peninsula, but failed to capture Rome itself. The second Punic War (in which the Carthaginian general was Hannibal) ended with the defeat of Carthage at Zama, in 202BC.
What role did C Terentius Varro have in the Punic Wars?
He served as a proconsul in Picenum during 215-213 BC. In 208-207 BC, he served as a propraetor, in which capacity he held Etruria. In 200 BC, he went to Africa as ambassador.
Scipio is often referred to as "Scipio Africanus," which highlights his prominent role in the Second Punic War against Carthage. His nickname signifies his achievements in Africa, particularly his decisive victory at the Battle of Zama in 202 BCE. This victory ultimately led to the downfall of the Carthaginian general Hannibal and solidified Scipio's reputation as one of Rome's greatest military leaders.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
What was the basic cause of the panic wars?
A struggle for control of Sicily between Carthage and Rome.
Who led attacks on rome at the beginning of the second punic wars?
Hannibal, the Carthaginian general and ruler of the Carthaginian territories in southern Spain invaded Italy at the beginning of the Second Punic War.
