Punic Wars

Scipio Africanus defeated Hannibal at the Battle of Zama near Carthage in 202 BC.

Yeah they amazingly (not that amazing really) won all three Punic wars and they got one part of land each time they won which is a HUGE bonus for Rome because they started of rather small then they got as big as it is right now. Another reason why it was such a big bonus for them is because the partials of land they got each time were fairly large, so that's how they got the power over everything for quite a long time.

Hope this helps! :)

In Carthage and its territories in Spain.

Rome won the second Punic War partly because she had firm allies, especially in Italy, who would not join Hannibal, and partly because Scipio was a better general and strategist than Hannibal.

After the 50 years of peace between Carthaginians and Romans came to an end, the Romans knew that attacking Carthage would be an easy war with lots of financial benefits so they raised an army and attacked Carthage.

Punic was the Latin term for Phoenicia from which the Carthaginians were descended : "from the Phoenicians" .

First Punic War: Carthage was pushing its control in Sicily and ran up against some rebellious mercenary soldiers. Rome chose to support them as a means of having an excuse to move into Sicily to expand its territory beyond Italy.

Second Punic War: Carthage attacked Sargentum in Spain, in breach of the Ebro River line agreed with Rome as dividing their areas of interest in Spain.

Rome captured Carthage and sold its people into slavery.

At the conclusion of the Third Punic War , 149 to 146 BC , Carthage is defeated , its citizens sold into slavery, Carthage is eliminated as a future threat to Rome and Rome achieves hegemony over the entire Mediterranean area and expands its Empire .

If you mean which territories the Romans gained in the Punic Wars:

In the first war they gained Sicily and seized Sardinia and Corsica soon afterwards.

In the the Second Punic war they gained southern Spain and made an alliance with the Numidians of Algeria, who switched allegiance.

In the Third Punic War they gained Tunisia and western Libya.

There were many leaders of Rome in the first punic war. Most of them were admirals because most of the battles fought were naval. Some were successfull, some ineffectual. The most famous of the successfull ones were Gaius Dullius, in whose honour a column erected, and Gaius Lucitatius Catulus who defeated the Carthagean forces in the decisive battle. The failures were Publius Claudius Pulcher and Scipio Asina who lost their entire fleets in a single combat. The most famous of the land commanders was Marcus Attilius Regulus who, alledgely, surrendered to Carthage to spare his country of war. This is probably mere propaganda.

Carthage was besieged, starved out and surrendered. Rome sold the population into slavery as a final solution against a resilient Carthage. The city was then converted into a settlement for retired Roman veterans.

Rome eventually won the Punic wars, so the Romans expanded throughout the Mediterranean lands and much of Europe. The Punic Wars are generally seen as a very important turning point that led to the social instability that brought down the Roman Republic and led to the rise of the Empire.

First of all, Hannibal had spent fifteen years in Italy, not only fighting the Romans but also ravaging their lands. By the time he was defeated, the Italian countryside was devastated. The small farmers who made up the bulk of the Italian population had seen their lands destroyed, made worthless. In response, many rich aristocrats bought up huge tracts of these lands for very little money.

At the same time, Rome's victory in the Punic Wars (and in the simultaneous Macedonian Wars) led to a massive influx of slaves, again bought up by rich aristocrats. These slaves were sent to work the newly bought lands. The massive plantations that resulted were known as Latinfundia. The Latinfundia system, whereby most of the land was in the hands of the upper class, and worked by slaves, put the small farmers, who had been a substantial class, completely out of work. As a result, they flocked to the cities looking for jobs, but few found them.

These farmers tended to go on the dole, or even join into rowdy mobs. Some in the government, most famously the Grachus brothers, sought to redistribute the land to the farmers, but land reform acts were regularly defeated. This led to the split in Roman politics between the Optimates (who defended the interests of the land holders) and the Populares (who favored land reform).

The general Gaius Marius, in 107 BC, when Rome needed more troops to fight a barbarian invasion, came up with an idea to fix both the land and soldier problem. He allowed men with no property into the army, something that was previously restricted (it was thought that only landholders would fight bravely because they would want to protect their land). In return for military service, he promised them a land pension.

To a large degree the plan worked, except that the soldiers became more loyal to Marius, the man who was going to give them the land, than they were to the State, which had failed them. This became a constant theme in late Republican politics, the result being that time and time again, generals would march on Rome and force the senate to make them dictator (Marius did so, as did Sulla and Julius Caesar). The Roman armies became almost like personal armies, and Civil Wars were constant in the late Republic.

Caesar would attempt to solve some these problems, but it was Augustus who provided a solution by essentially dismantling the Roman Republic and replacing it was an absolutist monarchy. The Optimates faction of the Senate (Pompey, Cato, Cicero) was pretty much wiped out in the civil wars, and some land reform was accomplished. The power of individual generals was subordinated to that of the Emperor, and the soldiers had to take loyalty oaths to the Emperor. But the army remained a place where a poor Roman could join, serve twenty or so years, and come out as a land owner, allowing social mobility, and giving Rome a highly motivated, mostly volunteer army.

Also, the increased slaves from Rome's conquests (the Punic Wars led directly to Rome's wars in Greece against Carthage's allies there) brought an increased interest in foreign cultures, especially that of Greece. New found interests in poetry and philosophy spread through Roman society, and some more conservative Romans saw this as a degradation of the traditional Roman values. The conservatives, however, failed to stop the spread of Greek culture, which would greatly influence Rome's. Anyone of social standing would speak Greek and Latin, and anything Greek was considered beautiful.

23 years. The First Punic War (264 to 241 BC)

Hannibal started the second punic war by invading the town of Saguntuni north of the river Iber to purposefully provoke the Romans

These descriptors are called epithets.

The Roman defeated Hannibal by changing their tactics. They were able to wear down Hannibal's army, which had suffered may casualties just getting to Italy and then having to fight their way through. When Hannibal set for reinforcements from Carthage, they were never sent. The Romans also attacked in Spain, diverting Hannibal's attention from Italy and then in Africa itself, where Hannibal had to fight to defend his homeland and lost.

The Punic Wars where three wars between Rome and Carthage, all won by Rome.

Both were vying for supremacy against each other. Unfortunately for Carthage, Rome won all of the three wars. Maybe the most famous war, the Second Punic War involved Hannibal, a famous Carthage general leading a surprise attack on Rome, led by his war elephants. However, the Roman general, Scipio, led an attack on Carthage and Hannibal had to retreat to save his capital city.

In the third Punic War, Rome finally completed the defeat of Carthage and the civilization of Carthagians was destroyed.

Hannibal set off from Spain with 37 elephants. There are disagreements among the sources about the number of elephants which survived the snow and ice of the crossing. They range between 20 and 3. Ancient historian Livy said that Hannibal got two groups of elephants to attack the Romans in the battle of Trebbia after the crossing. He also said that after that he tried to cross the Apennine Mountains to get to Etruria, but was caught in a cold snap and a snow storm. The seven elephants which had survived the mentioned battle died. Other sources say that Hannibal still had one elephant when he travelled further south in Italy.

During the first Punic war, the ultimate goal was to get the Carthaginians out of Sicily. The Romans tried overtaking them town by town but this proved too difficult, so the Romans decided to cut off their supplies from Africa by sea. Since the Carthaginians were much better sailors than Romans, the Romans devised a device called a corvus to turn sea battles in land battles, where they had the advantage. In 256BC Roman decide to invade the Carthaginian homeland in Africa but do not manage to defeat the Carthaginians before the end of the campaigning season. In the meantime, the Carthaginians hire a Spartan general to train their army and they crush the Roman in the spring. After this, many Roman troops and much of the Roman fleet are lost in storms at sea, but the Romans rebuild and attack the Carthaginian with their new fleet in 242BC. The Carthaginians are caught unawares and are decisively defeated and forced to leave Sicily.

Carthage agreed to withdraw from Spain and all Mediterranean islands. Provinces were created in Spain - Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. Cisalpine Gaul was also conquered during the Second Punic War

Rome as we all know fought its competitor for West Europe, Carthage, after the 3rd Punic War Rome salted the fields of Carthage, thus keeping Carthage from rising again. With Carthage out of their way, Rome dominated trade in Europe and gained every piece of land that the Mediterranean Sea touched.

Rome prevailed over Carthage with Rome receiving war reparations from Carthage . Rome became the premier naval power in the Mediterranean and Carthage retained control of Africa , Corsica and Sardinia .