Royal Navy usually refers to England. However, any country that has a King can refer to their navy as "royal navy".

Answer

'England' does NOT have a navy. The Royal Navy is the title of the British navy, England being just one of the four (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland) countries that constitute the United Kingdom. Other monarchies incorporate the name of their country into their title, such as 'Royal Norwegian Navy' or 'Royal Navy of Oman'.

Enlisted:

E-1 Seaman Recruit

E-2 Seaman Apprentice

E-3 Seaman

E-4 Petty Officer Third Class

E-5 Petty Officer Second Class

E-6 Petty Officer First Class

E-7 Chief Petty Officer

E-8 Senior Chief Petty Officer

E-9 Master Chief Petty Officer

Warrant Officers:

W-2 Chief Warrant Officer 2

W-3 Chief Warrant Officer 3

W-4 Chief Warrant Officer 4

W-5 Chief Warrant Officer 5

Commissioned Officers:

O-1 Ensign

O-2 Lieutenant, Junior Grade

O-3 Lieutenant

O-4 Lieutenant Commander

O-5 Commander

O-6 Captain

O-7 Rear Admiral (Lower Half)

O-8 Rear Admiral (Upper Half)

O-9 Vice Admiral

O-10 Admiral

The German battleship Bismarck was sunk at about 10:30 am on the 27th of May in 1941 by combined efforts from Royal Navy air and water craft.

Other vessels sunk by the Royal Navy in 1941 were:

The German submarine U-147 was sunk at about 10:30 am on the 27th of May in 1941 by destroyer HMS Wanderer and corvette Periwinkle

The German submarine U-556 was sunk on the 27 June in 1941 by corvettes Nasturtium, Celandine, and Gladiolus.

The German submarine U-138 was sunk on the 18th of June in 1941 by destroyers HMS Faulknor, HMS Fearless, HMS Forester, HMS Foresight and HMS Foxhound

No. Technically, Alfred the Great 'started' an English navy and is credited as one of the fathers of the fleet (along with Henry V). However, because these impermanent navies came and went with war, they can't really be seen as precursors to the Royal Fleet. During the reign of the Tudors, a fundamental change occurred where monarchs actually maintained a group of ships in order to protect England from overseas invasion as well as to protect sea trade through the Channel.

In my opinion, Henry VIII's contributions to the formation of the navy were impermanent (although the Navy is seen as a permanent institution after his reign) simply because the vast contributions he made were allowed to wither away under Edward VI and Mary I ('Bloody Mary'). But it is impossible to overlook Henry's contributions to later English naval supremacy. If you wanted to look at who 'started' the navy, I'd suggest researching Charles I and his 'ship-money' tax which allowed for the funding and maintenance of a proper navy. I'd also look at the navy's development during the English Civil War under Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians. I'd use the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty and the ascension of Charles II to the throne as bookends to any further research you do in this area. It's generally accepted that by the time Charles II took the throne, the Royal Navy was a powerful institution and maritime force.

Sources:

Loades, David. England's Martitime Empire: Seapower, Commerce, and Policy, 1490-1690. London: Pearson Education Limited, 2000.

Wheeler, James Scott. The Making of a World Power: War and the Military Revolution in Seventeenth Century England.Gloucestershire, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited, 1999.

P.S. Crowson's Tudor Foreign Policy.

Martin Lewis' The Navy of Britain: A Historical Portrait.