Sparta

The spartans were fierce warriors. For them, they had Brawn, not Beauty. When a baby was first born, they would test it by leaving it in the mountains over night. If it lived, then they were worthy of living in Sparta. If they died, it was shown they couldn't handle living in Sparta.

The battle of Thermopylae took place between Sparta and Persia in 480 BCE. King Leonidas of Sparta led the troops and died in battle.

Sparta had a strong military reputation in Ancient Greece. Despite the city not being democratic like Athens many philosophers from Athens believed that the Spartans had a better system of government than their own. Sparta had a more stable system and an army that could out drill, out march and out fight any other army in Greece. All male citizens were equals and there was no real division between rich and poor. Sparta is located in a fertile valley protected by nature by the mountains that surround her. Also because the men were often away at war, the women of Sparta were more free than their counterparts in other city-states including Athens.

To declare, when said citizen is in Sparta, that indeed, the place they are in, is in fact Sparta. Example: "THIS IS SPARTAAAAA!" This can also be reaffirmed with a solid boot to the chest, Leonidas-style. (See the movie "300" for clarification.)

Most of the military and militia strategies we use today are based on the fighting strategies they use back then.

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Sparta and Athens allied during the Peloponnesian War primarily in response to the threat posed by the Persian Empire. The common enemy prompted the formation of the Hellenic League, where the two city-states put aside their rivalry to unite against Persian invasions. Despite their differences in governance and culture, the need for mutual defense fostered a temporary alliance. This collaboration was a strategic necessity to preserve their independence and territorial integrity.

As part of a Greek blocking force, they helped hold the pass for three days to make the Persians try to break through by turning the bottleneck by sea. The Greek navies were waiting offshore to pounce on the Persian navy to try to eliminate it and its threat to the Greek cities. As it turned out, the Greek navies were defeated and withdrew to try again at Salamis. The land blocking force at Thermopylae, its mission now invalidated, withdrew. The Spartan contingent of 300 heavy infantry and 2,100 light infantry, together with the Thespian contingent, remained holding the pass to allow the other city contingents to escape to the walls of friendly cities before the Persian cavalry broke through and rode them down in open countryside. They were killed to a man, a noble sacrifice to save their comrades.

The Athenians typically traveled south to reach Sparta, which is located in the Peloponnese region of Greece. The most common route involved taking land paths that passed through mountainous terrain, often via the coastal road or through the interior valleys. This journey was not only strategic but also physically challenging due to the geography of the area.

The Spartan helmet was bronze.

Their government was a normal one based on a senate and an assembly of the citizens. They had a dual kingship - the kings were war leaders, and two kings allowed one to command an expeditionary force, while the other commanded at home in defence of the state.

They were the servants or peasants.

Sparta and Athens

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The strengths of Sparta's education system, such as instilling discipline, physical fitness, and military readiness, were important in shaping their society. However, the weaknesses, such as lack of emphasis on arts, literature, and critical thinking, limited the overall growth and adaptability of individuals in non-military pursuits. Overall, while effective for military purposes, the Spartan education system may not have provided a well-rounded education for all facets of life.