Submarines

It isn't - it just happens to be the home of General Dynamics' Electric Boat Division, one of the 2 submarine contractors left in the United States. The other shipyard is the Newport News Shipbuilding and DryDock Company, in Norfolk, VA. During the Cold War, many of us felt safer riding NNSDDC built boats (my old boat was built there) as EB had quality problems on the 688 class program. The details are classified, but trust me when I say it was not good. During WW2, submarines were built in many areas of the country, but the primary location to build a modern submarine needs to be either near the ocean or a river deep enough for the newly constructed boat to travel to the ocean. Groton, CT, home of EB, has that type of location, being located on the Thames River, and a fairly short transit distance to the Atlantic Ocean.

What you see above the waterline is only about 1/5 of the actual boat - most is underwater, and keel depths below the waterline go beyond 32'. This means that any river or channel must be deep enough for the boat to transit through to the ocean. The Thames River is constantly dredged to keep it deep enough.

The reason there are only 2 contractors left is:

1. Federal Anti-Trust laws prohibit any company having a monopoly, even on submarine construction, and

2. Federal Acquisition Regulations require competitive contracts, and

3. Shipyards and submarine/ship technology must be kept going in order for the U.S. to maintain a strong Naval presence. If they were closed, and the subsequent experience if its workers lost with it, it would take years and billions of dollars in mistakes to reopen another shipyard. It is more cost effective to maintain active shipyards.

there is no such thing as cold fusion. although when it gets invented you can be sure that subs will be one of the first to get it.

all American subs are powered by nuclear fission. the nuclear reactions heat water which is pumped into a device called a steam generator. the steam generator makes... steam! the steam powers the turbines that make electricity and propel the boat.

The Imperial Japanese Navy started World War II with one of the largest submarine forces in the world. Despite the sinking during the war of several major U.S. warships by Japanese submarines, the Japanese were never able to effectively employ their submarines to any great extent.

Japanese submarines tended to operate alone and were directed toward tactical gains. The United States, in contrast, employed wolf packs, embraced new technology, and engaged in a campaign of strategic submarine warfare.

On Dec. 7, 1941, during the attack on Pearl Harbor, there where 3 Japanese submarines stationed in a picket line 100 miles forward of the carriers. They were the I-23, I-21, and I-19.

There are even rumors of Japanese subs patrolling the East Coast during the war.

The largest subs in WWII were the Japanese I-400 Class subs; they could launch 3 airplanes.

Aerosol deodorants aren't allowed because the propellant used displaces oxygen, and is therefore considered an atmospheric contaminant. However, stick deodorants are allowed (and encouraged).

300 feet

The deepest spot in the ocean is the Marianna Trench with a depth of 35,760 ft (about 7 miles) it was last visited by Jacques Piccard and Lt. Don Walsh in the submarine "Trieste" in January of 1960.

False

Yes indeed. HMS Affray was located by HMS Reclaim. The ship deployed the first underwater TV camera to see Royal Naval service. She was south of the initial search area, on the north side of Hurd Deep in 278 feet. Initial pictures of the wreck showed her to be intact, listing slightly to port, with her search radar and after periscope extended, as if she had been cruising at periscope depth at the time.

Nothing - the word "Boat" has been applied to Submarines since they were first used in the Revolutionary War, and the term has stuck with them since then.

A "boat" in Naval parlance is any vessel that is launched from another ship or tender, such as a launch, whaleboat, etc. Early submarines required a support vessel (tender) to launch and recover them;though modern submarines don't require such, they do need support from tenders for supplies and repairs.

Submariners always refer to their ships as boats, and not ships. The reason for this is that to submariners there are only 2 kinds of ships; Submarines, and Targets.

The first submarine used for military purposes was built in 1776 by David Bushnell (1742-1824) of the US. His "Turtle" was a one-man, wooden submarine powered by hand-turned propellers. It was used during the American Revolution against British warships. The Turtle would approach enemy ships partially submerged to attach explosives to the ships's hull. The Turtle worked well but the explosives did not.

The program that involved forest conservation and power generating plants was the TVA

The proper term is "Underway Submerged".

All Submariners, regardless of rank, are always in some type of training, either underway or in port. There is no "training dive" if that's what you're referring to. All new crew members submerge with everyone else. I was asleep for my first submergence.

Submarine Sailors are trained at Submarine School in Groton on basic submarine operation, damage control techniques, history, and many other subjects pertaining to submarines as a weapons platform. No one who is assigned to any submarine is ever clueless - even in Submarine School you are tested to see if you can properly deal with pressure changes in a controlled pressure chamber. You are placed in a Damage Control trainer (known as the "Wet Trainer"), in which you're subjected to real-world flooding and damage conditions and expected to deal with them. You are given training on a Control Room simulator as well.

In other words, you're not thrown in blind. Everyone knows what to expect before they get there.

A broom on top of a submarine, typically attached to a periscope or other mast, is an old Navy custom signifying a "clean sweep", or that the submarine has successfully completed all of its assigned tasks during a special operation.

U-boat

As regards torpedoes or missiles, yes, the submarine has weapons that can be launched underwater.

A German U-boat had sunk the British passenger ship the Lusitania at great loss of life. Unrestricted submarine warfare was suspended following public outcry in the US, but was reinstated in 1917. This eventually led to the American declaration of war on Germany.

This question isn't so good, and I'll explain in a second.

First, the answer your teacher wants is "more than 165psi." At 100 meters, the water pressure is 11 atmospheres, or 165psi. If you want to blow the water out of the ballast tanks, you need to apply enough air pressure to force the water out of the boat--or more than 165psi.


There are a couple of reasons why the question is bad.


When a submarine is submerged, they put enough water in the ballast tank to give the submarine neutral buoyancy. If the boat is large enough to displace 10,000 gallons of water and it weighs 60,000 pounds, it will float because 10,000 gallons of water weighs 80,000 pounds. If you add 20,000 pounds of water to it, the boat will weigh 80,000 pounds and it will neither float nor sink--and once it weighs this much, they make it rise or fall in the water with control surfaces like an airplane has. So you don't really have to blow the tanks to get the boat up from 100 meters.


Second, blowing the water out with air is only done in a real emergency. It's noisy, and doing anything noisy in a submarine gets you killed. They even have special shoes with soft soles so the enemy can't hear sailors walking around, and the beaters on the mixer in the galley are vinyl covered so you can't hear them scraping the sides of the bowl. They use pumps to remove the ballast when they need the sub to float.

Good point. That makes it do-able. In neutral buoyancy it would have to be more than 9.9*10^5N/m^2, in order to push the air out of the ballast tanks.

In Submarine Warfare, "areas" are defined as patrol areas; e.g., for a Fast-Attack submarine, her patrol area may cover a specific ocean or coastal area, or ahead of a Carrier Battle Group/Task Force if providing escort/screening duty. For an FBM (missile boat), their area will put them in the optimum launch position for their targets should they ever get an order.

The answer is ASDIC