The Sun

Organisms which do not rely on the sun for their original energy include chemosynthetic bacteria found in deep sea hydrothermal vents. These bacteria use chemicals like hydrogen sulfide to produce energy through a process similar to photosynthesis, known as chemosynthesis.

Yes, the sun is a burning ball of gas that continuously undergoes nuclear reactions in its core, emitting heat and light. It will continue to burn for billions of years until it exhausts its nuclear fuel.

Starts with pure hydrogen, fused to helium in increasing proportion as the sun ages.

It is 20 cosmic years old. A cosmic year (for those of you who don't know) is one whole orbit around a Galaxy.

The sun is not predicted to physically consume the inner planets of our solar system. In about 5 billion years, the sun will expand into a red giant, engulfing the inner planets including Mercury, Venus, and possibly Earth, but it will not consume them in a literal sense.

The sun is currently in the main sequence stage. Next, it will evolve into a red giant as it depletes its hydrogen fuel and starts burning helium in its core.

No, the sun does not reproduce. It is a massive, constant nuclear fusion reaction that creates energy through the conversion of hydrogen into helium in its core.

The convection zone of the sun surrounds the radiative zone, which is the region where energy generated by nuclear fusion in the core is transported outwards through the slow process of radiative diffusion. In the convection zone, energy is transported by the movement of hot plasma, creating convection currents.

Far more than that. In about 5 billion years the sun will exhaust the hydrogen fuel in its core. After that the fusion will move to the core and the sun will expand to become a red giant for about 2 billion years. After that the sun will fuse helium for about 100 million years before finally dying.

Looking directly at the sun can cause damage to the cells in the retina, leading to permanent vision loss or blindness. The sun emits harmful ultraviolet radiation that can harm the sensitive tissues of the eye, so it's important to always protect your eyes when outdoors.

Yes, the sun is enormously more massive than the Earth.

Humans get energy indirectly from the sun through the process of photosynthesis. Plants capture sunlight through their leaves and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, which forms the basis of the food chain. When humans consume plants or animals that have eaten plants, they obtain the stored energy from the sun in the form of food.

Yes, the Sun does grow very slightly larger by a few centimeters every day, and even gets hotter, as it fuses its hydrogen into helium in its core. In a few billion years, it will swell into a red giant and destroy all of the small planets close to the Sun, including Earth.

The Sun appears as a bright yellow star in the sky. It emits light and heat due to nuclear fusion reactions happening in its core. When viewed from Earth, it can also appear as a vibrant orange or red during sunrise and sunset due to atmospheric effects.

It would take the Earth around 93 million miles to reach halfway to the Sun in its orbit. Earth's average distance from the Sun is about 93 million miles, so halfway would be approximately half of that distance.

No, a diamond would not melt on the sun because diamonds have a very high melting point (over 3500 degrees Celsius) while the surface temperature of the sun is around 5500 degrees Celsius. Diamonds also require oxygen to burn, which is absent on the sun.

Plants get their energy indirectly from the sun through photosynthesis. They use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, which is used as a source of energy for the plant. Other organisms then obtain energy by consuming plants or other organisms that have consumed plants.

The sun does not suck up water. Water is evaporated by the heat from the sun, causing it to turn into water vapor and rise into the atmosphere. This is part of the water cycle where water is constantly being recycled on Earth.

The Sun's energy is produced through nuclear fusion, where hydrogen atoms combine to form helium, releasing vast amounts of energy in the process. This energy manifests as heat and light, but it doesn't involve the combustion process that requires oxygen, like the fire we see on Earth.

Technically the sun is exhaustible as it will eventually run out of hydrogen, but that is predicted to be 4-5 billion years in the future. Since the sun will be around for that long it is considered an inexhaustible source of energy.

the melanin helps protect your skin, but it is not very strong.

It can protect you on a fairly warm day, but when its hot, you really should wear suncream/sunscrean.

They come in many variaties,

serums that sink in instantly, roll-on's that are quite handy,

or just plain suncream in squeasy bottle,my favourite:)

becuase its simple.

If you really want to protect yourself, the hotter the day, the higher the factor.

I wear a 30 on average, especially on holidays.

I'm not able to provide personal information about individuals.

There are different processes, depending on the type (and particularly mass) of the star. Red Giants are actually a stage in the life cycle of large stars. Our star (the sun) is a yellow dwarf, and as it burns out its first stage, in 4 to 5 billion years, it will expand into a red giant. Our star is putting out massive amounts of energy, by "burning" hydrogen into helium via nuclear fusion. The heat released in this constant state of fusion is the only thing keeping our star from collapsing in on itself, because the gravity is so great. Once all of this fuel is consumed, gravity will regain its leverage over the star, pulling it back inward. The power of the gravity causes fusion again with the new metallic materials within the burnt out sun, which causes it to expand outwards with its dying breath. It is believed that the rim of the red expansion will nearly reach our Earth, or possibly consume it.

Not all red giants will explode. Smaller ones, like our sun will become, will simply collapse into a dense white dwarf, eventually fading out to a brown dwarf and extinguishing as a black dwarf star. The Chandrasekhar Limit for stellar "explosions" is about 1.4 solar masses, or 1.4 times the mass of our sun. Stars that large and larger will "nova" or shed a lot of material in the final throes of the red giant stage, before they collapse into white dwarf stars.

The small population of stars in the range from 8 to 25 solar masses will not become white dwarfs, but will instead explode as supernovas, extremely powerful blasts which compress atomic nuclei into elements heavier than iron, and spraying them out far beyond the perimeter of the progenitor star. These stars do not collapse into a white dwarf but instead leave behind an enormously dense, rapidly spinning remnant known as a neutron star. Neutron stars are essentially atomic nuclei--atoms a quarter mile across that weigh as much as a star 1.5 to 3 times the size of our sun. Clumps of neutronium (degenerate matter, neutrons packed together as close as they can get) that are smaller than that are unstable and therefore do not exist.

After stars larger than 25 solar masses expand into red giants and complete the fuel consumption cycle, they also collapse and burst into supernovas, but the resulting remnant is even denser than neutronium. These stellar remnants pinch out of normal space, forming what are known as "black holes," since their "surface" escape velocity exceeds the speed of light.

Our sun's expansion into the red giant stage is expected to occur gradually four to five billion years from now over a period of about 80 million years. It would be difficult to describe this expansion as an "explosion." The contraction into a white dwarf will probably occur faster than that. Not all red giant stars will explode--only sufficiently massive ones.

The larger a star is, the shorter its life time. Stars that will nova could burn a billion years before doing so. Really big stars could go from birth to cataclysmic death in as little as a million years. The primary factor in determining the length of time between birth (fusion ignition) and death is stellar mass.

The net current of the solar wind is typically carried by positively charged particles, such as protons and alpha particles, flowing out from the Sun. This creates an outward electric current that is balanced by a return current of electrons within the solar wind. The net current is a key factor in the interaction between the solar wind and the Earth's magnetosphere.

As a historical document, a newspaper reporting on the first man on the moon would have both intrinsic and monetary value. It provides a tangible record of a significant event in human history and could be of interest to collectors or historians. The rarity, condition, and demand for such a newspaper would determine its specific value.