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Each instruction requires specific time for the execution of instruction and this time is called instruction cycle. Each instruction cycle consists 1 to 5 machine cycle -- opcode fetch, memory read, memory write, IO read, IO write and each machine cycle consist 3 to 6 T - states. Time required to execute 1 T-state = 1/ operating frequency of 8085 Microprocessor for example operating frequency = 2MHz then time required to execute 1 T-state = 0.5 uSec example: Calculate time required to execute instruction MOV C, A sol: This instruction has one machine cycle i.e. opcode fetch (In any instruction 1st cycle is always opcode fetch and opcode fetch consists 4 to 6 T state depend on the operation of particular instruction) so to execute MOV C, A required 4T states so time required to execute this instruction is 4*0.5usec = 2usec any other queries pls contect: nileshbahadure2000@Yahoo.co.in example:Calculate the time required to execute LXI H,2000H sol:Here we have to draw opcode fetch and two memory reads as two bytes 00H and 20H have to be read from memory. i.e, opcode fetch+Memory reads *2(bytes address) =4+3+3 so to execute LXI H,2000H,the required T-states is 10T and time is 10*0.5usec=5usec

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16y ago

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