Milky Way, M31 (the Andromeda Galaxy), the Triangulum Galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, ...
M87 is one of the most prominent galaxies followed by the elliptical galaxy Messier 49.
We know the names of lots of galaxies--that is, the names we give them. I'm sure you're most familiar with the Milky Way Galaxy. You are here. Other well-known galaxies include the Andromeda Galaxy, which is our next-galaxy neighbor, and the Sombrero Galaxy, which resembles a sombrero.
Canis Major Dwarf and Small Magellanic Cloud are irregular satellite galaxies of the Milky Way.The two irregular galaxies that orbit the Milky Way are the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds.
The collection of all visible or detectable galaxies is known as the universe. Each galaxy is a vast collection of stars--billions of them. Some galaxies have trillions of stars.
To the best knowledge, there are an infinite number of galaxies, which means they don't have names!
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Yes. See related question.
Elliptical, Irregular, and Spiral
Andromeda, Milky Way These are galaxies ^ Orion Nebula Eagle Nebula
There are about a 100 known blue shifted galaxies. The most well known, is the Andromeda Galaxy.
Some names I've heard are: The observeable universe The local universe
Milky Way Galaxy (ours)Andromeda galaxy.Pinwheel GalaxySunflower GalaxyWhirlpool GalaxyTriangulum Galaxy