The IPv6 host record is referred to as a AAAA record.
DNS
The host file provides a list of static DNS entries for a specific computer. In general, the computer checks it's host file for DNS lookup before going to the DNS server.If the server name is found in the host file, the computer uses the specified IP address. Otherwise, the server queries a DNS server for name lookup.
A DNS is used to convert Host Names into IPs and IPs into host names. (DNS = Domain Name Server).
Name resolution
ipconfig / all
PTR is an abbreviation for pointer record. This pointer record is often used to do a reverse DNS search. DNS means DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM. These searches are done in order to figure out someone's IP address.
An A (address) record
DNS doctoring enables an internal host on a LAN to receive the Private ip of an internal server as an answer from a DNS query when using a DNS server that is outside the LAN, such as on the internet. A static NAT translation must also exist to translate the public IP to the private IP. Without DNS doctoring, the external DNS server will reply with the public IP address of the host on the internal LAN.
Let's say you type in the host name, "www.google.com" into your browser. The browser will contact the DNS (Domain Name Server) and ask it for the ip address (192.117.0.1 for example) for www.google.com. This is what's called a forward lookup. The reverse lookup then is when the browser has the ip address but needs to find the host name for that address. So the browser contacts the DNS using the ip address and asks for the host name.
a. Dig
Sometimes it is useful to be able to access a server (or any host) by using a name other than its DNS host name. For example, you have an Application Server whose DNS configuration is as follows: Host Name Domain Name --------- ------------- myserver mydomain.com You have also setup your server as a WWW server so Internet or Intranet browsers can access Web pages from it. You want people to access your Web server by specifying www.mydomain.com as its name instead of myserver.mydomain.com. To accomplish this, an alias (or canonical name) record needs to be added to your DNS server. The DNS server should already have the following record under the mydomain.com zone (IPAddress should be the IP address of your server): Myserver A <IPAddress> The following record should be added to the mydomain.com zone: www CNAME myserver.mydomain.com When a DNS server looks up a name and finds a "CNAME" record, it replaces the name with the canonical name, and looks up the new name, in this case, www.mydomain.com.