How have the Sahara and the tropical rain forest affected Trade Development with in Africa?

Answer 1

The Sahara Desert has historically posed significant challenges to trade in Africa due to its harsh climate and vast, arid expanses, limiting overland routes and encouraging the use of caravans for long-distance transport. In contrast, the tropical rain forests, while rich in biodiversity and resources, have similarly hindered trade by creating dense, difficult terrains that are not easily navigable. Together, these geographical features have shaped trade routes, leading to the development of specific trade networks, such as trans-Saharan trade for commodities like gold and salt, while also fostering reliance on river systems and coastal routes to facilitate exchange in the regions surrounding the rain forests. Thus, both environments have significantly influenced the patterns and evolution of trade across the continent.