the gradient of the slope The channel roughness The amount and size of bed load
The roughness of a river bed can increase due to factors such as sedimentation, debris, and vegetation growth. If these factors are left unchecked, they can lead to an increase in roughness over time.
The River's Velocity, Gradient, and Channel shape/roughness
These obstacles causes friction between water and rocks.This ultimately reduces the velocity of river water.The more roughness of the channel, the less the river`s velocity.
Speed and direction determine velocity
The roughness coefficient of a river, also known as Manning's roughness coefficient, is typically determined through field measurements or reference tables based on the type of channel bed and vegetation present in the river. It is used in the Manning's equation to estimate the flow velocity in open channels. Collecting data on the slope, cross-sectional area, and flow rate of the river, and then using the Manning's equation, can help determine the roughness coefficient.
The river bed
The gradient , the channel roughness, and the channel shape all effect the speed or velocity of stream flow
A channel.
Yes, it is the bed of a stream or river.
channel
G. J. Klaassen has written: 'Sediment transport and hydraulic roughness in relation to bed forms'