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Endoreduplication is a cellular process in which a cell undergoes DNA replication without subsequent cell division, resulting in a doubling or multiple doubling of its genome within a single nucleus. This phenomenon is commonly observed in certain plant and animal cells, particularly in tissues that require increased cell size or metabolic capacity. Endoreduplication can contribute to cell differentiation and adaptation, playing a crucial role in development and stress responses. It differs from traditional cell division, as it leads to polyploid cells, which have more than two sets of chromosomes.
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What is Polyteny or Endoreduplication?
The most thoroughly-studied examples of polyteny are the giant chromosomes found in certain cells of larval flies.
What is the cause of tetraploid?
Tetraploidy can result from errors during cell division, such as nondisjunction or endoreduplication, leading to the doubling of the chromosomal content in a cell. It can also be induced experimentally through chemical treatments or genetic modifications.
Why cell goes through mitosis without going through cytokinesis?
Cells can undergo mitosis without undergoing cytokinesis in a process called endoreduplication. This results in the formation of a single cell with multiple copies of the genetic material. Endoreduplication is common in certain types of cells, such as those in the liver and in certain plant cells, and is associated with specialized functions like increased cell size or storage of nutrients.
Does a plant cell have only one nucleus?
Most plant cells have one nucleus, but there are exceptions. For example, some plant cells may have multiple nuclei due to a process called endoreduplication. Additionally, certain mature plant cells may lack a nucleus altogether, such as red blood cells in some plants.
