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The last sighting of a Japanese wolf (Canis lupus hodophilax or Canis hodophilax) in Japan was a young male caught in Washikaguchi, Nara Prefecture in 1905, the fur and bones of which were put on display in the British Museum in London. Another subspecies (Canis lupus hattai), which used to live in the north of Honshu and in Hokkaido (the big island at the top of Japan) probably died out in about 1900 due to a program of extermination carried out by migrants who came to live there from the south at the end of the 19th century. Japanese people had lived in harmony with the wolf from ancient times. Unlike in Europe, there was little history of raising livestock for food, so less conflict with wild carnivores. In some places wolves were even formally worshipped as gods, and there are still shrines remaining where wolves are honored (for example Mitsumine Shrine in the Chichibu area). During the Edo period (1603 to 1867), however, they came to be seen as harmful because they could carry rabies, and because they had a bad image (wolf = evil) in other countries. This resulted in them being hunted to extinction. With the extinction of the wolf, the place it occupied in the food chain as a carnivore was left open, and now there are no natural predators (except man) to prevent 'over-population' of deer and wild pigs in some areas. At the present time there is renewed interest in Japan in reintroducing wolves to the wild, as has been done in the United States. One organization that promotes this idea is the Japan Wolf Association, which have a home page in English, linked below. http://www.japan-wolf.org/englishtop.htm

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16y ago

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