A series of wars in the 17th and 18th centuries with the Netherlands and France left in 1707, Great Britain) the dominant colonial power in North America and India.
England was the dominant European country in the early 1600s.
Look at an early 20th century map. Austria and Germany are in the center of Europe.
executive branch
Mercantilism was the dominant school of thought in Europe throughout the late Renaissance and early modern period (from the 15th-18th century).
The United States
coffee
sick man of Europe.
assimilate ethnic immigrant groups into the dominant culture
Early slavs lived in Eastern and Central Europe. The first use of that word dates to the sixth century.
Austria-Hungary
The name for the Central Powers (also known as the Triple Alliance) is derived from the location of these countries; all four were located between the Russian Empire (in the east) and France and the United Kingdom (in the west).
Germany