How did Italy and Germany move towards unification of those countries after 1848?

Answer 1

After 1848, Italy and Germany moved toward unification through a combination of nationalist sentiment and strategic leadership. In Italy, figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi and Count Camillo di Cavour played pivotal roles, with Cavour leveraging diplomatic and military strategies to unite various states under the Kingdom of Sardinia. Similarly, in Germany, Otto Von Bismarck utilized realpolitik and orchestrated wars against Denmark, Austria, and France to consolidate German states under Prussian leadership, culminating in the proclamation of the German Empire in 1871. Both movements were fueled by a growing sense of national identity and the desire for political cohesion.