Aristocrats, the Church, and Political Leaders mostly.
They gained a powerful ally in the roman catholic church.
churches; crises
churches; crises
Seperation of church an state affairs, and establishment of state governments.
Sometimes citizens feel that churches create political crises regarding religious freedom.
The spread of Christianity provided local religious leaders - bishops - not political ones. Constantine harnessed the bishops as a secondary means of control to supplement his political control.
The European Union was created to create a more stable, united Europe.
no.
Three key factors that helped Martin Luther's movement spread across Europe include the advent of the printing press, which enabled the rapid dissemination of his writings and ideas; the rise of nationalism, as many sought to challenge the authority of the Catholic Church, viewed as a foreign power; and the support of influential political leaders and reformers who saw the movement as an opportunity to gain autonomy from church control and consolidate their power. These elements combined to create a fertile environment for the Protestant Reformation to flourish.
Henry VIII established the Church of England in 1534 when the Act of Supremacy was passed, declaring him the Supreme Head of the Church of England. This move was primarily motivated by his desire to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, which the Pope refused to sanction. The separation from the Roman Catholic Church marked a significant religious and political shift in England.
No. Europe wanted to unite so they made the EU.