Yes, but Orthodox Judaism does not.
The righteous ones were expecting (they wanted) a kingdom that would allow, enable, and encourage them in keeping God's Torah. The less Torah-minded people expected a kingdom that would provide comfort, wealth and national pride.And everyone expected (hoped) that their kingdom would defeat any enemies.See also:The start of the Israelite monarchyLife in ancient Israel
All countries which guarantee freedom of religion allow Jews to practice their faith. Throughout Jewish history, Jews who lived in countries where freedom of religion was denied, practiced Judaism in fear or in secret. Only one country has Judaism as the majority, with other faiths respected. That one small country is Israel.
Judaism doesn't allow it (Deuteronomy ch.5).
Conversion to Judaism is not easy. All branches of Judaism require an extended period of study before appearance before a beit din (a judicial panel of 3 judges) that oversees the process. Israel does allow converts to enter the country and take Israeli citizenship under the law of return, but not immediately after conversion. This restriction appears to be there specifically to prevent someone converting for the purpose of entering Israel with no real intent to be a practicing Jew.
Not for Orthodox Jews, but the other branches of Judaism allow it.
No, because my passport don't allow me to visit Israel.
Orthodox Judaism doesn't allow it.
Israel allows dual citizenship for those who immigrate to Israel based on Law of Return (aliyah): you have to be Jewish to qualify to hold dual citizenship in Israel.
I was told no, unless you have a twin.
Yes, but not all Reform rabbis perform them.
That depends on the branch of Judaism. Orthodox Jews keep men and women separated to avoid "inappropriate" relations.