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The Antifascist National Liberation War of the Albanian people started with the people's resistance against fascist aggressionon April 7, 1939 and ended on November 29, 1944. During the antifascist national liberation war, the Albanian people fought against Italy and Germany, which occupied the country one after the other. In 1939-1941 period, the antifascist resistance was led by communist groups and later by the Communist Party.

The partizans entirely liberated Albania from German occupation on November 29, 1944. The Albanian partisans also liberated Kosovo,part of Montenegro and southern Bosnia and Herzegovina.National Liberation Army consisting of up to 70 thousand people, also took part in the war alongside the antifascist coalition. Albania was part of Allied forces and for the Albanians this is the proudest moment on their history. However, Albanians had fought alongside Axis forces during the 1940 Italian invasion of Greece from Albanian territory. The invasion force included several hundred native Albanian and Chams in blackshirt battalions attached to the Italian army. Their performance however was distinctly lackluster, as most Albanians, poorly motivated, either deserted or defected. Indeed, the Italian commanders, including Mussolini, would later use the Albanians as scapegoats for the Italian failure. These two Albanian battalions, namely, battalion Tomorri and Gramshi, were formed in the Italian army only three months before the invasion, and during the Greco-Italian War, the majority of them crossed to the Greek Army. The leader of these two battalions, Spiro Moisiu, would become the general in chief of the Albanian Anti-Fascist Army, and eventually a head of the Albanian Army after the war.

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