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"Big Island" is not the name of the island but only a reference to it. "Hawaii Island" is the English name of the island but people say "Big Island" as to not confuse the island's name with the name of the state. It needs to be remembered, however, that the island had a name during its approximately fifteen hundred year occupation by people prior to the arrival of Captain Cook. One older name is Moku o Keawe (Island of Keawe), which was applied to honor the 17th century high chief Keawe'īkekahiali'iokamoku.

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