Air masses rise from the Earth's surface at an angle of approximately 30 degrees. This movement is due to the rotation of the Earth, known as the Coriolis effect, which deflects air masses towards the poles.
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The Coriolis effect. It is caused by the rotation of the Earth and leads to the deflection of moving air masses to the right in the northern hemisphere. This effect influences the direction of winds on a large scale, including the movement of air masses.
The 4 major air masses are continental polar (cP), continental tropical (cT), marine polar (mP) and marine tropical (mT). Generally, continental air masses are drier than marine air masses, and polar air masses are cooler than tropical air masses. cT air masses are relatively limited in distribution existing in the south west North America and North Africa.
The Coriolis Effect is responsible for this.
Coriolis effect
It causes rotation of air masses.
The major air masses that influence the weather in the United States (USA) would be maritime polar, continental polar, maritime tropical, and the continental tropical.
The continental US major wind belts generally push air masses from west to east.
In Boston, Massachusetts, the major types of air masses that influence its weather include maritime polar (mP), continental polar (cP), and maritime tropical (mT) air masses. Maritime polar air masses, originating from the Atlantic Ocean, bring cool and moist conditions, especially in the spring and fall. Continental polar air masses, coming from Canada, result in cold, dry weather during winter. Meanwhile, maritime tropical air masses, which come from the Gulf of Mexico, can bring warm, humid conditions in the summer.
The polar and tropical air masses have the greatest effect on weather conditions in much of the US. The clash between these two air masses leads to a wide range of weather patterns, including cold fronts, warm fronts, and severe weather events.